{"id":23377,"date":"2020-05-16T17:06:54","date_gmt":"2020-05-16T15:06:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/viettudomunich.org\/?p=23377"},"modified":"2020-05-16T17:06:54","modified_gmt":"2020-05-16T15:06:54","slug":"it-dieu-can-biet-ve-nha-giao-duc-chu-van-an","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/viet-europe.org\/?p=23377","title":{"rendered":"\u00cdt \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Chu V\u0103n An"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

T\u1eea MAI TR\u1ea6N HUY B\u00cdCH<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

T\u01b0\u1ee3ng Chu V\u0103n An tr\u00ean b\u00e0n th\u1edd t\u1ea1i V\u0103n mi\u1ebfu \u2013 Qu\u1ed1c t\u1eed gi\u00e1m H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<\/em> (Nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef H\u00e1n tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f4i c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u1edf cu\u1ed1i b\u00e0i)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong \u00edt h\u00f4m v\u1eeba qua, c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t huy\u00ean n\u00e1o h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t YouTube \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra, trong \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 Chu V\u0103n An, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n k\u00ednh t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 14 l\u00e0 \u201cr\u1ea5t t\u1ec7,\u201d l\u00e0 \u201ct\u1ed1i,\u201d r\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi mi\u1ec7t th\u1ecb r\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng, \u201cth\u1eb1ng cha \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1eb1ng c\u00e0 ch\u1edbn.\u201d Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00eda, b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec1m ph\u1eabn n\u1ed9 t\u1edbi c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9. Trong nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i \u1ea5y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i qu\u00e1 \u0111\u00e1ng, tuy l\u0103ng m\u1ea1 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a v\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00f5 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1eddi ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 sai \u1edf nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Gi\u1eefa h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m, h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n l\u1eddi bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi b\u00eanh. Nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00eanh c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m sai, t\u01b0\u1edfng Chu V\u0103n An l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9c T\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn trong tri\u1ec1u Tr\u1ea7n. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00f4 t\u01b0 v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch quan, b\u00e0i n\u00e0y xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy\u1ec7t l\u1ea1i s\u1eed s\u00e1ch Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc, xem ti\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00e9p v\u1ec1 Chu V\u0103n An ra sao, c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam xem trong th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng (qua b\u1ed1n tri\u1ec1u vua Tr\u1ea7n Minh t\u00f4ng, Hi\u1ebfn t\u00f4ng, D\u1ee5 t\u00f4ng, Ngh\u1ec7 t\u00f4ng), Chu V\u0103n An \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3  l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c \u1ea5y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i xin ch\u00e9p nguy\u00ean v\u0103n hay t\u00f3m l\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 Chu V\u0103n An trong:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Hai b\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh s\u1eed:\u00a0\u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t S\u1eed K\u00fd To\u00e0n Th\u01b0<\/em>\u00a0<\/strong>(t\u1eeb sau xin g\u1ecdi t\u1eaft l\u00e0\u00a0To\u00e0n Th\u01b0<\/em>, b\u1ed9 s\u1eed c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 L\u00ea, do Ng\u00f4 S\u0129 Li\u00ean<\/strong> v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1eed quan sau \u00f4ng bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n),\u00a0v\u00e0\u00a0Kh\u00e2m \u0110\u1ecbnh Vi\u1ec7t S\u1eed Th\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1m C\u01b0\u01a1ng M\u1ee5c<\/strong>\u00a0<\/em>(t\u1eeb sau xin g\u1ecdi t\u1eaft l\u00e0\u00a0C\u01b0\u01a1ng M\u1ee5c<\/em>, b\u1ed9 s\u1eed c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n, do Qu\u1ed1c S\u1eed Qu\u00e1n tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Hai b\u1ed9 s\u1eed danh ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n:\u00a0Vi\u1ec7t S\u1eed Ti\u00eau \u00c1n<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0c\u1ee7a Ng\u00f4 Th\u1eddi S\u0129<\/strong> (1726-1780), m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ea7n, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c, s\u1eed gia r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 danh v\u1ecdng cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi L\u00ea;\u00a0v\u00e0\u00a0Vi\u1ec7t Nam S\u1eed L\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/em>\u00a0<\/strong>c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ea7n Tr\u1ecdng Kim<\/strong> (1883-1953), m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3, s\u1eed gia, v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn trong n\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Hai b\u1ed9 truy\u1ec7n k\u00fd:\u00a0Nam \u00d4ng M\u1ed9ng L\u1ee5c<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3 Nguy\u00ean Tr\u1eebng<\/strong> (1374-1446), con tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3 Qu\u00fd Ly, s\u1ed1ng sau Chu V\u0103n An kh\u00f4ng bao l\u00e2u; v\u00e0\u00a0Tang Th\u01b0\u01a1ng Ng\u1eabu L\u1ee5c<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ea1m \u0110\u00ecnh H\u1ed5<\/strong> (1768-1839) v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1n<\/strong>(1770-1815), hai danh s\u0129 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 18 qua \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Hai b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u:\u00a0L<\/em>\u1ecbch Tri\u1ec1u Hi\u1ebfn Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Lo\u1ea1i Ch\u00ed<\/em>,<\/strong> thi\u00ean \u201cNh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ch\u00ed,\u201d c\u1ee7a Phan Huy Ch\u00fa<\/strong> (1782-1840), m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 uy\u00ean b\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n; v\u00e0\u00a0L\u01b0\u1ee3c Truy\u1ec7n C\u00e1c T\u00e1c Gia Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0do Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Gi\u00e1p<\/strong> (1902-1973), m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 nghi\u00eam t\u00fac\u00a0c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00e0m\u00a0ch\u1ee7 bi\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u0169ng xin ghi th\u00eam m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i v\u1ec1 Chu V\u0103n An trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa d\u00e0nh cho h\u1ecdc sinh Vi\u1ec7t Nam b\u1eadc Ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc cho t\u1edbi n\u0103m 1945. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 cu\u1ed1n\u00a0Qu\u1ed1c V\u0103n Gi\u00e1o Khoa Th\u01b0<\/em>\u00a0l\u1edbp S\u01a1 \u0111\u1eb3n<\/strong>g (l\u1edbp Ba nh\u1eefng n\u0103m sau), t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 l\u00e0 b\u1ed1n nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Ph\u00e1p thu\u1ed9c: Tr\u1ea7n Tr\u1ecdng Kim, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Ng\u1ecdc, \u0110\u1eb7ng \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00fac v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed7 Th\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft,\u00a0\u0110VSK To\u00e0n Th\u01b0<\/em>\u00a0<\/strong>ch\u00e9p v\u1ec1 Chu V\u0103n An nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cAn (ng\u01b0\u1eddi Thanh \u0110\u00e0m), t\u00ednh c\u01b0\u01a1ng ngh\u1ecb, th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn, s\u1eeda m\u00ecnh trong s\u1ea1ch, b\u1ec1n gi\u1eef ti\u1ebft th\u00e1o, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7u l\u1ee3i l\u1ed9c. \u00d4ng \u1edf nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch, h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n tinh th\u00f4ng, n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng g\u1ea7n xa, h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 \u0111\u1ea7y c\u1eeda, th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 k\u1ebb \u0111\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ea1i khoa, v\u00e0o ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7… K\u1ebb n\u00e0o x\u1ea5u th\u00ec \u00f4ng nghi\u00eam kh\u1eafc tr\u00e1ch m\u1eafng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed la h\u00e9t kh\u00f4ng cho v\u00e0o… Minh t\u00f4ng m\u1eddi \u00f4ng l\u00e0m Qu\u1ed1c t\u1eed gi\u00e1m T\u01b0 nghi\u1ec7p, d\u1ea1y Th\u00e1i t\u1eed h\u1ecdc. D\u1ee5 t\u00f4ng ham ch\u01a1i b\u1eddi, l\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1, quy\u1ec1n th\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ebb l\u00e0m tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p n\u01b0\u1edbc, An khuy\u00ean can, [D\u1ee5 t\u00f4ng] kh\u00f4ng nghe, b\u00e8n d\u00e2ng s\u1edb xin ch\u00e9m b\u1ea3y t\u00ean n\u1ecbnh th\u1ea7n, \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb quy\u1ec1n th\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vua y\u00eau. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “Th\u1ea5t tr\u1ea3m s\u1edb”. S\u1edb d\u00e2ng l\u00ean nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi, \u00f4ng li\u1ec1n treo m\u0169 v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea. \u00d4ng th\u00edch n\u00fai Ch\u00ed Linh, b\u00e8n \u0111\u1ebfn \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5y…\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chu V\u0103n An \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi ra l\u00e0m quan trong \u0111\u1eddi Tr\u1ea7n Minh t\u00f4ng, gi\u1eef ch\u1ee9c Qu\u1ed1c t\u1eed gi\u00e1m T\u01b0 nghi\u1ec7p. Khi m\u1ea5t n\u0103m 1370 trong \u0111\u1eddi Tr\u1ea7n Ngh\u1ec7 t\u00f4ng, \u00f4ng v\u1eabn \u1edf ch\u1ee9c \u1ea5y.\u00a0To\u00e0n Th\u01b0\u00a0<\/strong><\/em>ch\u00e9p:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cQu\u1ed1c t\u1eed gi\u00e1m T\u01b0 nghi\u1ec7p Chu An m\u1ea5t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy t\u1eb7ng t\u01b0\u1edbc V\u0103n Trinh c\u00f4ng, cho t\u00f2ng t\u1ef1 \u1edf V\u0103n mi\u1ebfu.\u201d \u00b9<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

(Danh hi\u1ec7u \u00f4ng th\u1ef1c ra l\u00e0 Chu An, sau khi m\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban t\u00ean th\u1ee5y l\u00e0 V\u0103n Trinh v\u00e0 t\u1eb7ng t\u01b0\u1edbc V\u0103n Trinh c\u00f4ng. Th\u1eddi x\u01b0a th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00e1nh n\u00eau t\u00ean h\u00fay, n\u00ean s\u1eed s\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eddi g\u1ecdi \u00f4ng l\u00e0 \u201cChu V\u0103n Trinh c\u00f4ng.\u201d D\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quen g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Chu V\u0103n An).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u01b0\u01a1ng M\u1ee5c<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0ch\u00e9p nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cChu An t\u00ednh c\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ef1c, thanh c\u1ea3nh, gi\u1eef ti\u1ebft kh\u1eafc kh\u1ed5 thanh tu, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7u danh l\u1ee3i hi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea1t. \u1ede nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch, h\u1ecdc nghi\u1ec7p tinh th\u00e2m, thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay. G\u1ea7n xa nghe ti\u1ebfng, \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ecdc r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f4ng. H\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi \u0111\u1eadu cao, l\u00e0m quan to, nh\u01b0 Ph\u1ea1m S\u01b0 M\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 L\u00ea Qu\u00e1t \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ebfn H\u00e0nh khi\u1ec3n, th\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng lui t\u1edbi th\u0103m h\u1ecfi, v\u1eabn c\u1ee9 th\u1ee5p l\u1ea1y \u1edf b\u00ean gi\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0y, h\u1ec5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0y n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat th\u00ec l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m m\u1eebng l\u1eafm. H\u1ec5 k\u1ebb n\u00e0o l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ea7m l\u1ed7i tr\u00e1i \u00fd th\u00ec th\u00e0y qu\u1edf tr\u00e1ch r\u00e1o ri\u1ebft, c\u00f3 khi qu\u00e1t m\u1eafng \u0111u\u1ed5i ra…D\u01b0\u1edbi tri\u1ec1u Tr\u1ea7n Minh t\u00f4ng, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eddi l\u00e0m Qu\u1ed1c t\u1eed T\u01b0 nghi\u1ec7p, d\u1ea1y Th\u00e1i t\u1eed h\u1ecdc. \u0110\u1ebfn Tr\u1ea7n D\u1ee5 t\u00f4ng ham m\u00ea ch\u01a1i b\u1eddi, xao l\u00e3ng ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1, b\u1ecdn quy\u1ec1n th\u1ea7n l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p. Chu An can kh\u00f4ng nghe, b\u00e8n d\u00e2ng s\u1edb xin ch\u00e9m b\u1ea3y t\u00ean n\u1ecbnh th\u1ea7n, \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb c\u00f3 th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01b0ng chi\u1ec1u c\u1ea3. B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “Th\u1ea5t tr\u1ea3m s\u1edb”. S\u1edb d\u00e2ng l\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi, Chu An li\u1ec1n treo tr\u1ea3 m\u0169 \u00e1o, tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1n vi\u00ean… Thi\u00ean h\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ec1u khen l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u00ed ti\u1ebft cao. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c tin Tr\u1ea7n Ngh\u1ec7 t\u00f4ng l\u00ean l\u00e0m vua, Chu An m\u1eebng l\u1eafm, ch\u1ed1ng g\u1eady \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e1i y\u1ebft, xong l\u1ea1i xin v\u1ec1, r\u1ed3i m\u1ea5t \u1edf nh\u00e0. Nh\u00e0 vua sai quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ebf vi\u1ebfng, \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean th\u1ee5y l\u00e0 V\u0103n Trinh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1edd ph\u1ee5 \u1edf V\u0103n Mi\u1ebfu.\u201d \u00b2<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9\u00a0To\u00e0n Th\u01b0,<\/strong>\u00a0<\/em>s\u1eed gia Ng\u00f4 S\u0129 Li\u00ean,<\/strong> b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn th\u00eam nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cT\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u00e0ng m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00e0m th\u1ea7y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00eam, gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i l\u1eabm li\u1ec7t m\u00e0 b\u1ecdn n\u1ecbnh h\u00f3t ph\u1ea3i s\u1ee3… \u00d4ng th\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u00f4ng t\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nho n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t ta m\u00e0 th\u1edd v\u00e0o V\u0103n Mi\u1ebfu.\u201d \u00b3<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 t\u00fac: Khi Tr\u1ea7n Minh t\u00f4ng trao cho \u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y Th\u00e1i t\u1eed, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Th\u00e1i t\u1eed Tr\u1ea7n V\u01b0\u1ee3ng, sau n\u1ed1i ng\u00f4i l\u00e0 vua Hi\u1ebfn t\u00f4ng. Nh\u01b0ng Hi\u1ebfn t\u00f4ng ch\u1eb3ng may m\u1ea5t s\u1edbm khi m\u1edbi 22 tu\u1ed5i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi em l\u00ean ng\u00f4i l\u00e0 D\u1ee5 t\u00f4ng. Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u D\u1ee5 t\u00f4ng ch\u01b0a suy s\u00fat l\u1eafm v\u00ec Minh t\u00f4ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n tr\u00ean ngai Th\u00e1i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u00e0ng. Ch\u1ec9 sau khi vua Minh t\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1eddi, D\u1ee5 t\u00f4ng ham vui ch\u01a1i, b\u1ecf b\u00ea ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1, g\u1ea7n b\u1ecdn ti\u1ec3u nh\u00e2n, tri\u1ec1u ch\u00ednh m\u1edbi suy. Trong ph\u1ea7n sau s\u1ebd xin tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m \u1ea5y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7t S\u1eed Ti\u00eau \u00c1n<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0c\u1ee7a Ng\u00f4 Th\u1eddi S\u0129<\/strong> ch\u00e9p:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cQuan Qu\u1ed1c t\u1eed T\u01b0 nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 Chu V\u0103n An m\u1ea5t, Vua sai quan d\u1ee5 t\u1ebf, cho t\u00ean th\u1ee5y l\u00e0 V\u0103n Trinh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1edd \u1edf V\u0103n mi\u1ebfu theo h\u00e0ng ti\u00ean hi\u1ec1n.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sau khi nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft To\u00e0n Th\u01b0<\/em> v\u00e0 C\u01b0\u01a1ng M\u1ee5c <\/em>\u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i t\u1edbi, \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi thanh t\u0129nh, gi\u1eef ti\u1ebft h\u1ea1nh kh\u1eafc kh\u1ed5, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7u l\u1ee3i l\u1ed9c cao sang, ch\u1ec9 \u1edf nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 l\u00e0m n\u00ean,\u201d<\/em> v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u201cvua D\u1ee5 t\u00f4ng ham ch\u01a1i, nhi\u1ec1u quy\u1ec1n th\u1ea7n l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p, \u00f4ng d\u00e2ng s\u1edb xin ch\u00e9m 7 t\u00ean n\u1ecbnh th\u1ea7n …\u201d<\/em> Ng\u00f4 Th\u1eddi S\u0129 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00eam chi ti\u1ebft sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cKhi b\u00ecnh xong n\u1ed9i n\u1ea1n (ch\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c D\u01b0\u01a1ng Nh\u1eadt L\u1ec5 mu\u1ed1n d\u1ee9t ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n), \u00f4ng m\u1eebng l\u1eafm, ch\u1ed1ng g\u1eady l\u00ean y\u1ebft m\u1eebng vua (Ngh\u1ec7 t\u00f4ng), r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 n\u00fai.\u201d <\/em>\u2074<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong\u00a0Vi\u1ec7t Nam S\u1eed L\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/em>,<\/strong> h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Tr\u1ea7n Tr\u1ecdng Kim<\/strong> cho bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng gian th\u1ea7n l\u1ed9ng h\u00e0nh trong tri\u1ec1u vua D\u1ee5 t\u00f4ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cHi\u1ebfn t\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 con, Minh t\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u00e0ng l\u1eadp ng\u01b0\u1eddi em t\u00ean l\u00e0 H\u1ea1o l\u00ean l\u00e0m vua, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 vua D\u1ee5 t\u00f4ng. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m Thi\u1ec7u-phong, t\u1ee9c m\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ea5y n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u, tuy D\u1ee5 t\u00f4ng l\u00e0m vua, nh\u01b0ng quy\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u1edf Minh t\u00f4ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u00e0ng quy\u1ebft \u0111o\u00e1n, cho n\u00ean d\u1eabu c\u00f3 m\u1ea5y n\u0103m tai bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t m\u00f9a nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1. T\u1eeb n\u0103m \u0110\u1ea1i-tr\u1ecb nguy\u00ean ni\u00ean (1358) tr\u1edf \u0111i, Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u00e0ng m\u1ea5t r\u1ed3i, b\u1ecdn c\u1ef1u th\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u00e1n Si\u00eau, \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n Trung Ng\u1ea1n c\u0169ng m\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb b\u1ecf tr\u1ec5 n\u1ea3i. K\u1ebb gian th\u1ea7n m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eafc ch\u00ed.

Vua D\u1ee5 t\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 sau c\u1ee9 r\u01b0\u1ee3u ch\u00e8 ch\u01a1i b\u1eddi, x\u00e2y cung \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ed3 \u0111\u1eafp n\u00fai, r\u1ed3i cho g\u1ecdi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00e0 gi\u00e0u v\u00e0o trong \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1c. B\u1eaft c\u00e1c quan thi nhau u\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u, ai u\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m th\u0103ng th\u00ec th\u01b0\u1edfng cho hai tr\u1eadt. Ch\u00ednh-s\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, cho n\u00ean gi\u1eb7c c\u01b0\u1edbp n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nh\u01b0 ong …D\u00e2n t\u00ecnh kh\u1ed5 s\u1edf. C\u01a1 nghi\u1ec7p nh\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u suy t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5y.\u201d <\/em>\u2075<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n


To\u00e0n Th\u01b0 <\/em>c\u0169ng cho bi\u1ebft t\u1eeb n\u0103m \u0110\u1ea1i Tr\u1ecb nguy\u00ean ni\u00ean (1358) tr\u1edf \u0111i, vua D\u1ee5 t\u00f4ng \u201cch\u01a1i b\u1eddi qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9, c\u01a1 nghi\u1ec7p nh\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n suy y\u1ebfu.\u201d<\/em> C\u00f3 l\u1ea7n vua ng\u1ef1 thuy\u1ec1n nh\u1ecf \u0111i ch\u01a1i khuya, m\u00e3i canh ba m\u1edbi v\u1ec1, t\u1edbi kh\u00fac s\u00f4ng v\u1eafng, b\u1ecb c\u01b0\u1edbp m\u1ea5t \u1ea5n b\u00e1u, g\u01b0\u01a1m b\u00e1u. \u201cVua t\u1ef1 bi\u1ebft m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng s\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u, c\u00e0ng th\u1ea3 s\u1ee9c ch\u01a1i b\u1eddi.\u201d <\/em>\u2076<\/em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sau khi d\u00e2ng bi\u1ec3u can ng\u0103n kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, Chu V\u0103n An \u0111\u00e0nh d\u00e2ng \u201cTh\u1ea5t tr\u1ea3m s\u1edb.\u201d Tuy th\u1ebf, nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb \u00f4ng xin ch\u00e9m l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00ean gian n\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft th\u00e0nh b\u00e8 \u0111\u1ea3ng, l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00f2ng tin c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb vua b\u00ea tha v\u00e0 ham vui. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn th\u1eadt cao, Chu V\u0103n An \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb h\u1ecd s\u00e1t h\u1ea1i. C\u00f3 khi c\u0169ng v\u00ec l\u1ebd \u1ea5y \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i lui v\u1ec1 n\u00fai \u1ea9n c\u01b0. N\u1ebfu c\u00f2n \u1edf kinh \u0111\u00f4, kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb h\u1ecd coi l\u00e0 \u201cc\u00e1i gai trong m\u1eaft.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1eadp truy\u1ec7n k\u00fd \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ch\u00e9p v\u1ec1 Chu V\u0103n An l\u00e0\u00a0Nam \u00d4ng M\u1ed9ng L\u1ee5c<\/em>\u00a0<\/strong>c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3 Nguy\u00ean Tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong>. Chu V\u0103n An trung v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n trong khi th\u00e2n ph\u1ee5 H\u1ed3 Nguy\u00ean Tr\u1eebng l\u00e0 H\u1ed3 Qu\u00fd Ly c\u01b0\u1edbp ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n. Tuy th\u1ebf, H\u1ed3 Nguy\u00ean Tr\u1eebng v\u1eabn vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 Chu V\u0103n An v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7y tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ebfc:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cChu An, hi\u1ec7u Ti\u1ec1u \u1ea8n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u00fac…T\u00ednh \u00f4ng li\u00eam khi\u1ebftc\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ef1c. \u1ede nh\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00edch \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch, h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n tinh thu\u1ea7n, ti\u1ebfng v\u1ecdng xa g\u1ea7n.H\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 \u0111\u1ea7y c\u1eeda … An \u0111i\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ea1m, \u00edt ham mu\u1ed1n, kh\u00f4ng \u0111i thi. Kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m Ch\u00ed Nguy\u00ean, Tr\u1ea7n Minh v\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u00e1i m\u1eddi l\u00e0m Qu\u1ed1c t\u1eed T\u01b0 nghi\u1ec7p, d\u1ea1y Th\u1ebf t\u1eed h\u1ecdc …Minh v\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea5t, con l\u00e0 D\u1ee5 v\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u01a1i b\u1eddi, b\u1ecf ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1, quy\u1ec1n th\u1ea7n l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p. An nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n can ng\u0103n kh\u00f4ng nghe, l\u1ea1i d\u00e2ng s\u1edb xin ch\u00e9m b\u1ea3y t\u00ean gian th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ea1ng quy\u1ec1n th\u1ebf, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cTh\u1ea5t tr\u1ea3m s\u1edb.\u201d D\u00e2ng l\u00ean kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi, An treo m\u0169 t\u1eeb quan, v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi v\u01b0\u1eddn ru\u1ed9ng. Sau D\u1ee5 v\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea5t, n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1n. Qu\u1ea7n th\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3n l\u1eadp Ngh\u1ec7 v\u01b0\u01a1ng. An nghe r\u1ea5t m\u1eebng, ch\u1ed1ng g\u1eady y\u1ebft ki\u1ebfn, r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 l\u00e0ng, t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ch\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1edbc. Ban cho hi\u1ec7u V\u0103n Trinh ti\u00ean sinh, h\u1eadu l\u1ec5 ti\u1ec5n \u0111\u01b0a. Ch\u1eb3ng bao l\u00e2u, An m\u1ea5t \u1edf nh\u00e0. Nh\u00e2n s\u0129 \u0111\u00f4 th\u00e0nh c\u1ea3nh ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng cao phong, kh\u00f4ng ai l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1edf than th\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ebfc.\u201d <\/em>\u2077<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong\u00a0Tang Th\u01b0\u01a1ng Ng\u1eabu L\u1ee5c<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0vi\u1ebft v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19, sau khi Chu V\u0103n An t\u1ea1 th\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ean 400 n\u0103m, hai t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Ph\u1ea1m \u0110\u00ecnh H\u1ed5 v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1n c\u0169ng nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft nh\u01b0 trong c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Hai \u00f4ng th\u00eam l\u1eddi b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn,\u00a0\u201cS\u0129 phu \u0111\u1ec1u k\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng nh\u01b0 n\u00fai Th\u00e1i s\u01a1n, sao B\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea9u,<\/em>\u201d v\u00e0 ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i b\u00e0i th\u01a1 ca t\u1ee5ng Chu V\u0103n An c\u1ee7a B\u0103ng H\u1ed3 t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f4ng\u00a0Tr\u1ea7n Nguy\u00ean \u0110\u00e1n\u00a0(t\u00f4n th\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eddi Tr\u1ea7n, 1325 hay 1326 \u2013 1390) m\u00e0 c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u1ee7 mi\u1ec7n ho\u00e0n khu\u00ea t\u00e2m d\u0129 h\u00f4i<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

(\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u0169 \u00e1o c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ng\u1ecdc ho\u00e0n khu\u00ea c\u1ea7m tay [y ph\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ea7n khi v\u00e0o ch\u1ea7u thi\u00ean t\u1eed], l\u00f2ng \u0111\u00e3 ngu\u1ed9i l\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0 tro). <\/em>\u2078<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u1ecbch Tri\u1ec1u Hi\u1ebfn Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Lo\u1ea1i Ch\u00ed<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0c\u1ee7a Phan Huy Ch\u00fa <\/strong>l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9, chia l\u00e0m 10 thi\u00ean. Thi\u00ean th\u1ee9 II, \u201cNh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ch\u00ed\u201d t\u1eeb Quy\u1ec3n VI \u0111\u1ebfn Quy\u1ec3n XII. Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi Chu V\u0103n An \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e9p \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u Quy\u1ec3n XI, \u201cC\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nho c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee9c nghi\u1ec7p.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sau khi nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft qua c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u00e0 b\u00e1c h\u1ecdc h\u1ecd Phan vi\u1ebft th\u00eam: \u201cKhi D\u1ee5 t\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t, ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n s\u1eafp tuy\u1ec7t. Nghe tin qu\u1ea7n th\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3n l\u1eadp Ngh\u1ec7 t\u00f4ng, \u00f4ng r\u1ea5t m\u1eebng, ch\u1ed1ng g\u1eady l\u00ean y\u1ebft ki\u1ebfn. R\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i xin v\u1ec1 l\u00e0ng, phong ch\u1ee9c g\u00ec c\u0169ng t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn. Vua l\u1ea5y l\u1ec5 t\u00f4n k\u00ednh, sai qu\u1ea7n th\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ec1. Kh\u00f4ng bao l\u00e2u \u00f4ng ch\u1ebft \u1edf nh\u00e0.\u201d<\/em> Phan Huy Ch\u00fa b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn, \u201cC\u00e1i h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng tinh t\u00fay ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh… \u0110\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c \u00f4ng l\u00e0m khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu, \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi ai c\u0169ng t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng… Ai c\u0169ng khen phong \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 cao th\u01b0\u1ee3ng.\u201d <\/em>\u2079<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Phan Huy Ch\u00fa c\u0169ng tr\u00edch d\u1eabn m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ea7n Nguy\u00ean \u0110\u00e1n (\u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi \u1edf tr\u00ean) l\u00e0m sau khi Chu V\u0103n An \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vua Tr\u1ea7n Minh t\u00f4ng \u201cb\u00e1i phong\u201d l\u00e0m Qu\u1ed1c t\u1eed T\u01b0 nghi\u1ec7p. Xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn 3 c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ea7u trong b\u00e0i th\u01a1 8 c\u00e2u \u1ea5y:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ecdc h\u1ea3i h\u1ed3i lan, t\u1ee5c t\u00e1i thu\u1ea7n<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u1eddng s\u01a1n \u0111\u1ea9u \u0111\u1eafc t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f9ng kinh b\u00e1c s\u1eed c\u00f4ng phu \u0111\u1ea1i …<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

(Xoay lu\u1ed3ng s\u00f3ng trong bi\u1ec3n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 phong t\u1ee5c l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u1ea7n h\u1eadu<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 Th\u00e1i s\u01a1n, B\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ea1y<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ecdc h\u1ebft kinh, xem r\u1ed9ng s\u1eed, c\u00f4ng phu r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn …) \u00b9<\/em>\u2070<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n


H\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Gi\u00e1p<\/strong> (th\u00e2n ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Gs. Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n D\u0129nh, Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Ki\u1ec7n, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Lu\u1eadt khoa S\u00e0ig\u00f2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 1975) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u uy\u00ean b\u00e1c nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng, m\u1ed7i ch\u1eef, m\u1ed7i c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc. Trong cu\u1ed1n\u00a0L\u01b0\u1ee3c Truy\u1ec7n C\u00e1c T\u00e1c Gia Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/strong>\u00a0<\/em>do \u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 bi\u00ean, ph\u1ea7n v\u1ec1 Chu V\u0103n An chi\u1ebfm g\u1ea7n hai trang v\u1edbi l\u1eddi t\u00f3m l\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 sau:\u00a0\u201c\u00d4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ednh n\u1ebft ngay th\u1eb3ng, trong s\u1ea1ch, c\u00f3 t\u00e0i v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng, uy\u00ean th\u00e2m v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd nho h\u1ecdc …Khi \u00f4ng m\u1ea5t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1edd t\u1ea1i V\u0103n mi\u1ebfu, c\u00f9ng h\u00e0ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1eadc hi\u1ec1n tri\u1ebft, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd ri\u00eang n\u01a1i nh\u00e0 \u1edf \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng tr\u00ean n\u00fai Ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ho\u00e0ng.\u201d<\/em>\u00a0Trong s\u00e1ch c\u0169ng n\u00f3i qua v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ec1n, c\u00e1c c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i trong \u0111\u1ec1n, c\u00f9ng li\u1ec7t k\u00ea c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Chu V\u0103n An. \u00b9\u00b9<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb l\u1edbp tu\u1ed5i 65, 66 tr\u1edf l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc qua, hay \u00edt nh\u1ea5t bi\u1ebft qua, b\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c V\u0103n Gi\u00e1o Khoa Th\u01b0<\/em> do c\u00e1c c\u1ee5 Tr\u1ea7n Tr\u1ecdng Kim, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Ng\u1ecdc, \u0110\u1eb7ng \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00fac v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed7 Th\u1eadn so\u1ea1n. B\u1ed9 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nha H\u1ecdc Ch\u00ednh \u0110\u00f4ng Ph\u00e1p xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u gi\u00e1o khoa ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc cho t\u1edbi n\u0103m 1945, l\u00e0m t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o \u00edt nh\u1ea5t cho \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1954. B\u00e0i v\u1ec1 Chu V\u0103n An l\u00e0 b\u00e0i th\u1ee9 34 trong Qu\u1ed1c V\u0103n Gi\u00e1o Khoa Th\u01b0 <\/em>l\u1edbp S\u01a1 \u0111\u1eb3ng. N\u1eeda sau c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i \u1ea5y nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u201cVua nghe \u00f4ng l\u00e0 b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c m\u00f4 ph\u1ea1m, tri\u1ec7u v\u00e0o kinh cho l\u00e0m quan \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y Th\u00e1i t\u1eed. Sau \u00f4ng th\u1ea5y ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 trong tri\u1ec1u suy \u0111\u1ed3i, b\u1ecdn quy\u1ec1n th\u1ea7n l\u1eafm k\u1ebb l\u00e0m b\u1eady, \u00f4ng d\u00e2ng s\u1edb xin ch\u00e9m ng\u01b0\u1eddi gian n\u1ecbnh. Vua kh\u00f4ng nghe l\u1eddi. \u00d4ng b\u00e8n t\u1eeb ch\u1ee9c, kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ebft g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng danh quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i n\u1eefa.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ai c\u0169ng khen \u00f4ng l\u00e0 b\u1eadc cao hi\u1ec1n. Khi \u00f4ng m\u1ea5t, vua cho \u0111em v\u00e0o th\u1edd trong V\u0103n mi\u1ebfu, ngang h\u00e0ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1eadc ti\u00ean nho.\u201d \u00b9\u00b2<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean, su\u1ed1t m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng th\u1eddi gian 600 n\u0103m, t\u1eeb t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3 Nguy\u00ean Tr\u1eebng (sinh n\u0103m 1374) \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 bi\u00ean c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Gi\u00e1p (m\u1ea5t n\u0103m 1973), Chu V\u0103n An \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1ng k\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1edbi c\u1ed1t c\u00e1ch thanh cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong Quy\u1ec3n V <\/strong>c\u1ee7a\u00a0Ki\u1ebfn V\u0103n Ti\u1ec3u L\u1ee5c<\/strong>,\u00a0<\/em>b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i n\u0103ng, ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u00e0 b\u00e1c h\u1ecdc L\u00ea Qu\u00fd \u0110\u00f4n vi\u1ebft,\u00a0\u201cChu An d\u00e2ng s\u1edb xin ch\u00e9m b\u1ecdn n\u1ecbnh th\u1ea7n, l\u00e0m rung \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea3 trong tri\u1ec1u ngo\u00e0i qu\u1eadn, r\u1ed3i c\u00e1o quan tr\u1ea3 m\u0169 \u00e1o v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu t\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ed9c b\u00f3 bu\u1ed9c, vua ch\u00faa ph\u1ea3i t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng, c\u00f4ng khanh ph\u1ea3i k\u00ednh ph\u1ee5c,\u00a0\u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 b\u1eadc thanh cao nh\u1ea5t<\/strong>.\u201d \u00b9\u00b3<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong kho t\u00e0ng v\u0103n h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam, th\u01a1 v\u0103n v\u00e0 c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i ca t\u1ee5ng Chu V\u0103n An r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u.\u00a0\u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u, xin\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u00a0d\u1eabn m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1eb7ng Minh Khi\u00eam<\/strong> (1456? \u2013 1522?) trong\u00a0Vi\u1ec7t Gi\u00e1m V\u1ecbnh S\u1eed T\u1eadp:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1ea5t tr\u1ea3m ch\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00e0nh ti\u1ec7n qu\u1ea3i quan<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u00ed Linh chung l\u00e3o h\u1eefu d\u01b0 nh\u00e0<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thanh tu kh\u1ed5 ti\u1ebft cao thi\u00ean c\u1ed5<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u0129 v\u1ecdng nham nham ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng Th\u00e1i San<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

(Th\u1ea5t tr\u1ea3m s\u1edb d\u00e2ng r\u1ed3i, gi\u1ea3i quan<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u00ed Linh cao \u1ea9n gi\u1eefa thanh nh\u00e0n<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1eeda m\u00ecnh, kh\u00ed ti\u1ebft soi thi\u00ean c\u1ed5<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u1ebb s\u0129 tr\u00f4ng v\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng Th\u00e1i San).<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i \u1edf \u0111\u00ecnh l\u00e0ng Thanh Li\u1ec7t (qu\u00ea c\u1ee7a Chu V\u0103n An):<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1ea5t tr\u1ea3m s\u1edb c\u00f2n th\u01a1m, g\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1eed th\u1eb9n cho ph\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u1ee5c kinh tro ch\u1eeda ngu\u1ed9i, b\u1ea3ng hu\u1ef3nh treo m\u00e3i ch\u1ed1n danh h\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef H\u00e1n trong c\u1eb7p c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1ea1i b\u00e0n th\u1edd Chu V\u0103n An \u1edf V\u0103n mi\u1ebfu Qu\u1ed1c t\u1eed gi\u00e1m gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u ph\u00eda tr\u00ean (h\u00ecnh ch\u1ee5p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 ch\u1eef):<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00e1c \u01b0 s\u1eed, c\u00f9ng \u01b0 kinh, th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o uy\u00ean nguy\u00ean khai — —<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e0nh d\u0129 l\u1ec5, t\u00e0ng d\u0129 ngh\u0129a, hi\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n phong ti\u1ebft thi\u1ec7u — —<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ngh\u0129a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ecdc r\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 s\u1eed, hi\u1ec3u th\u1ea5u ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a kinh, ch\u1ed7 v\u1ef1c s\u00e2u, ch\u1ed7 khai ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o th\u00e1nh m\u1edf ra — —<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ra l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eddi l\u1ea5y ch\u1eef l\u1ec5 (ng\u1ee5 \u00fd theo l\u1ec7nh vua tri\u1ec7u khi ra l\u00e0m quan), lui v\u1ec1 \u1edf \u1ea9n theo ch\u1eef ngh\u0129a (ng\u1ee5 \u00fd khi \u0111\u1eddi v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea1o th\u00ec lui v\u1ec1), phong t\u01b0 kh\u00ed ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc hi\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i — —<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, trong su\u1ed1t d\u00f2ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c t\u1eeb m\u1ea5y tr\u0103m n\u0103m nay, Chu V\u0103n An \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng k\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1edd \u1edf V\u0103n mi\u1ebfu Qu\u1ed1c t\u1eed gi\u00e1m H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, \u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd \u1edf qu\u00ea nh\u00e0, t\u1ea1i khu tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd tr\u00ean n\u00fai Ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng S\u01a1n trong d\u00e3y n\u00fai Ch\u00ed Linh, n\u01a1i \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 \u1ea9n d\u1eadt trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi. T\u00ean \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t cho m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng Trung h\u1ecdc quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, v\u00e0 tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1 \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, S\u00e0ig\u00f2n, th\u1ecb x\u00e3 Qu\u1ea3ng Y\u00ean, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 U\u00f4ng B\u00ed …<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chu V\u0103n An kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c khu tr\u1eeb b\u1ecdn gian th\u1ea7n chung quanh vua D\u1ee5 t\u00f4ng. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00eau nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t: \u00f4ng \u201ckh\u00f4ng gi\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb.<\/em>\u201d N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi \u00f4ng l\u00e0 \u201cth\u01b0\u1eddng, xo\u00e0ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb.\u201d <\/em>Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng: t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1edbi sau, \u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 t\u1ef1 coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, v\u00e0 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c. Sau khi lui v\u1ec1 \u1ea9n t\u1ea1i Ch\u00ed Linh, \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc. G\u1ecdi \u00f4ng l\u00e0 \u201cr\u1ea5t t\u1ec7,\u201d l\u00e0 \u201ct\u1ed1i\u201d \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n qu\u00e1 \u0111\u00e1ng. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o bi\u1ec7n minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho vi\u1ec7c g\u1ecdi \u00f4ng l\u00e0 \u201cth\u1eb1ng cha,\u201d \u201cth\u1eb1ng c\u00e0 ch\u1edbn<\/em>\u201d m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ng\u1ea1o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 v\u00f4 l\u1ec5. C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1eabn n\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch gay g\u1eaft c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 quan ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1eddi Tr\u1ea7n. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 trong hai tri\u1ec1u L\u00fd, Tr\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n Minh t\u1ecbch thu, thi\u00eau h\u1ee7y, hay \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ec1 Kim L\u0103ng theo ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Minh Th\u00e0nh t\u1ed5 sau khi chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng H\u1ed3 Qu\u00fd Ly. Nh\u01b0ng theo quan ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1eddi L\u00ea, th\u00ec Qu\u1ed1c t\u1eed gi\u00e1m T\u01b0 nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf h\u00e0ng T\u00f2ng Ng\u0169 ph\u1ea9m, d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0 (T\u00f2ng Nh\u1ecb ph\u1ea9m), \u0110\u00f4 Ng\u1ef1 s\u1eed (Ch\u00e1nh Tam ph\u1ea9m), Th\u1ecb lang (T\u00f2ng Tam ph\u1ea9m), Ph\u00f3 \u0110\u00f4 Ng\u1ef1 s\u1eed (Ch\u00e1nh T\u1ee9 ph\u1ea9m), Qu\u1ed1c t\u1eed gi\u00e1m T\u1ebf t\u1eedu (T\u00f2ng T\u1ee9 ph\u1ea9m), v\u00e0 Th\u00e1i y vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 (Ch\u00e1nh Ng\u0169 ph\u1ea9m) \u00b9\u2074. Theo quan ch\u1ebf th\u1eddi Nguy\u1ec5n th\u00ec Qu\u1ed1c t\u1eed gi\u00e1m T\u01b0 nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf h\u00e0ng T\u00f2ng T\u1ee9 ph\u1ea9m \u00b9\u2075. \u0110\u1eddi Tr\u1ea7n ch\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c bao nhi\u00eau: c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc quan ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh ch\u00e1nh, ng\u1ea1ch tr\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng cao. Ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb b\u1ea3n \u201cTh\u1ea5t tr\u1ea3m s\u1edb,\u201d Chu V\u0103n An kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean \u00fd h\u01b0\u1edbng mu\u1ed1n tr\u1eeb b\u1ecdn gian th\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u1ede n\u01b0\u1edbc T\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eddi Xu\u00e2n Thu b\u00ean Trung Hoa, Qu\u1ea3n Tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0m T\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u1ed1c (T\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edbng) m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tr\u1eebng tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ba k\u1ebb ti\u1ec3u nh\u00e2n Th\u1ee5 \u0110i\u00eau, D\u1ecbch Nha, Khai Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n xu n\u1ecbnh T\u1ec1 Ho\u00e0n c\u00f4ng. Ng\u1ea1ch tr\u1eadt v\u00e0 v\u1ecb th\u1ebf Chu V\u0103n An thua Qu\u1ea3n Tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1 xa, s\u1ed1 gian th\u1ea7n, ti\u1ec3u nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00f4ng h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 D\u1ee5 t\u00f4ng l\u00e0 v\u1ecb vua b\u00ea tha, kh\u00f4ng s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t nh\u01b0 T\u1ec1 Ho\u00e0n c\u00f4ng. Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 kh\u00f3 c\u1ee7a Chu V\u0103n An, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi qu\u00e1 \u0111\u00e1ng khi ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n \u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi d\u00e2ng \u201cTh\u1ea5t tr\u1ea3m s\u1edb,\u201d Chu V\u0103n An s\u1ed1ng trong \u0111\u1eddi vua D\u1ee5 t\u00f4ng. Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u00e0ng Minh t\u00f4ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00ecnh \u201ctri ng\u1ed9\u201d tri\u1ec7u \u00f4ng ra l\u00e0m quan, \u0111\u00e3 qua \u0111\u1eddi. Vua Hi\u1ebfn t\u00f4ng, v\u1ecb Th\u00e1i t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00f4ng gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n, \u0111\u00e3 qua \u0111\u1eddi qu\u00e1 s\u1edbm khi m\u1edbi 22 tu\u1ed5i. Gi\u1eefa \u00f4ng v\u00e0 D\u1ee5 t\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan g\u00ec \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. V\u1ecb vua tr\u1ebb ham u\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u, th\u00edch \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1c, th\u00edch \u0111\u1eafp n\u00fai, \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ed3, x\u00e2y cung \u0111i\u1ec7n, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi b\u1ecdn ti\u1ec3u nh\u00e2n kh\u00e9o chi\u1ec1u chu\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 xu n\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi YouTube trong \u0111\u00f3 Chu V\u0103n An b\u1ecb mi\u1ec7t th\u1ecb, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y ngay ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n YouTube \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9 nh\u1eadn quan tr\u1ecdng. T\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng Chu V\u0103n An quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ee9c cao, trong khi \u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc quan \u1edf Ng\u0169 ph\u1ea9m. Ch\u00ea \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft b\u00e0y m\u01b0u l\u1eadp k\u1ebf chia r\u1ebd b\u1ecdn gian th\u1ea7n, trong khi \u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c th\u1eb3ng t\u00ednh v\u1edbi t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n cao khi\u1ebft. L\u1ea7m l\u1eabn \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfc. V\u1edbi ph\u1ea9m c\u00e1ch cao qu\u00fd, Chu V\u0103n An r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng, \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c t\u1eeb bao \u0111\u1eddi. Bu\u00f4ng l\u1eddi h\u1ed7n x\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u00f4ng trong khi kh\u00f4ng n\u00eau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00fd do l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ea1i d\u1ed9t, r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn tha th\u1ee9.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n YouTube c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u201cm\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch l\u1edbn, nh\u1eb1m soi m\u00f2n, tri\u1ec7t h\u1ea1 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t.\u201d<\/em> \u0110\u00e1nh tan uy t\u00edn c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb \u201cv\u1ea1n th\u1ebf s\u01b0\u201d s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t b\u1ecb hoang mang, tan r\u00e3 h\u1ebft ni\u1ec1m tin, h\u1ea7u \u201cd\u1ec5 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00f3a.\u201d C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng Chu V\u0103n An ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u tinh ph\u1ea7n s\u0129 phu kh\u1ea3ng kh\u00e1i c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u0110\u1eadp tan uy t\u00edn c\u1ee7a Chu V\u0103n An l\u00e0 \u00fd h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i, mu\u1ed1n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng ai l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00ed kh\u00e1i n\u1eefa, s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 ch\u1ecbu khu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng n\u00e0y ch\u01b0a th\u1ea5y v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c \u1ea5y. C\u00e1ch h\u00e0nh x\u1eed c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Chu V\u0103n An quang minh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea1i, s\u00e1ng r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 nh\u01b0 \u00e1nh m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, kh\u00f3 ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c. D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Trung Hoa c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef, \u201cch\u00f3 \u0110\u1ea1o Ch\u00edch s\u1ee7a vua Nghi\u00eau.\u201d Uy t\u00edn c\u1ee7a vua Nghi\u00eau kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i khi b\u1ecb ch\u00f3 [c\u1ee7a] \u0110\u1ea1o Ch\u00edch s\u1ee7a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao ng\u1ea1o, ki\u00eau c\u0103ng, lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh h\u01a1n \u0111\u1eddi, v\u1eady c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u201c\u0111\u1ed9c s\u00e1ng,\u201d kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1eddi. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00fang th\u1ebf, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m qu\u00e1 t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c thi\u1ebfu ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u1ea5y s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c t\u00edn nhi\u1ec7m c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5. Danh v\u1ecdng, uy t\u00edn c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u0129 nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 Chu V\u0103n An b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ean 600 n\u0103m nay. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf th\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta, d\u00f9 th\u00f4ng minh t\u1edbi c\u1ee1 n\u00e0o, l\u00e0m sao lay \u0111\u1ed5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

T\u01b0\u1ee3ng Chu V\u0103n An t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng Trung h\u1ecdc Chu V\u0103n An H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<\/em>, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee5p: Qu\u1ef3nh Trang, Xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9: Trang m\u1ea1ng VNExpress<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1eeb Mai Tr\u1ea7n Huy B\u00edch<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CH\u00da TH\u00cdCH<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t S\u1eed K\u00fd To\u00e0n Th\u01b0<\/em> \/ Ho\u00e0ng V\u0103n L\u00e2u d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 ch\u00fa th\u00edch ; H\u00e0 V\u0103n T\u1ea5n hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00ednh (H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i : NXB Khoa H\u1ecdc X\u00e3 H\u1ed9i, 1988), T\u1eadp II, trang 151-152.<\/li>
  2. Kh\u00e2m \u0110\u1ecbnh Vi\u1ec7t S\u1eed Th\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1m C\u01b0\u01a1ng M\u1ee5c \/ <\/em>d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3, Vi\u1ec7n S\u1eed H\u1ecdc (H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i : NXB Gi\u00e1o D\u1ee5c, 1998). \u1ea4n b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed do L\u00ea B\u1eafc th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, trang 293.<\/li>
  3. To\u00e0n Th\u01b0 (s\u0111d),<\/em> T\u1eadp II, trang 153.<\/li>
  4. Ng\u00f4 Th\u1eddi S\u0129. Vi\u1ec7t S\u1eed Ti\u00eau \u00c1n<\/em> \/ B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam Nghi\u00ean C\u1ee9u Li\u00ean L\u1ea1c V\u0103n H\u00f3a \u00c1 Ch\u00e2u (San Jose, CA : V\u0103n S\u1eed, 1991), trang 252-253.<\/li>
  5. Tr\u1ea7n Tr\u1ecdng Kim. Vi\u1ec7t Nam S\u1eed L\u01b0\u1ee3c <\/em>(S\u00e0i G\u00f2n : Trung T\u00e2m H\u1ecdc Li\u1ec7u, 1971), trang 173-174.<\/li>
  6. To\u00e0n Th\u01b0 (s\u0111d),<\/em> T\u1eadp II, trang 127, 144.<\/li>
  7. H\u1ed3 Nguy\u00ean Tr\u1eebng. Nam \u00d4ng M\u1ed9ng L\u1ee5c<\/em> \/ Tr\u1ea7n Ngh\u0129a d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 ch\u00fa th\u00edch (H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i : NXB V\u0103n H\u1ecdc, 2001), truy\u1ec7n th\u1ee9 7.<\/li>
  8. Ph\u1ea1m \u0110\u00ecnh H\u1ed5 v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1n. Tang Th\u01b0\u01a1ng Ng\u1eabu L\u1ee5c<\/em> \/ d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3, \u0110\u1ea1m Nguy\u00ean (S\u00e0i G\u00f2n : B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o D\u1ee5c, 1970), trang 109-110.<\/li>
  9. Phan Huy Ch\u00fa. L\u1ecbch Tri\u1ec1u Hi\u1ebfn Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Lo\u1ea1i Ch\u00ed<\/em> \/ T\u1ed5 Phi\u00ean D\u1ecbch Vi\u1ec7n S\u1eed H\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i (H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i : NXB Khoa H\u1ecdc X\u00e3 H\u1ed9i, 1992), T\u1eadp 1, trang 364.<\/li>
  10. Phan Huy Ch\u00fa (s\u0111d),<\/em> trang 365.<\/li>
  11. L\u01b0\u1ee3c Truy\u1ec7n C\u00e1c T\u00e1c Gia Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/em> \/ Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Gi\u00e1p ch\u1ee7 bi\u00ean (H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i : NXB V\u0103n H\u1ecdc, 2000), trang 174-175.<\/li>
  12. Qu\u1ed1c V\u0103n Gi\u00e1o Khoa Th\u01b0 : L\u1edbp S\u01a1 \u0110\u1eb3ng \/ <\/em>Tr\u1ea7n Tr\u1ecdng Kim … (H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i : Nha H\u1ecdc Ch\u00e1nh \u0110\u00f4ng Ph\u00e1p, 1935), trang 42.<\/li>
  13. L\u00ea Qu\u00fd \u0110\u00f4n. Ki\u1ebfn V\u0103n Ti\u1ec3u L\u1ee5c <\/em>(H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i : NXB V\u0103n H\u00f3a Th\u00f4ng Tin, 2007), trang 298.<\/em><\/li>
  14. Phan Huy Ch\u00fa. L\u1ecbch Tri\u1ec1u Hi\u1ebfn Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Lo\u1ea1i Ch\u00ed (s\u0111d), <\/em>trang 451-452.<\/li>
  15. Tr\u1ea7n Tr\u1ecdng Kim. Vi\u1ec7t Nam S\u1eed L\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/em> (s\u0111d), trang 189-192.<\/li><\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    T\u1eea MAI TR\u1ea6N HUY B\u00cdCH T\u01b0\u1ee3ng Chu V\u0103n An tr\u00ean b\u00e0n th\u1edd t\u1ea1i V\u0103n mi\u1ebfu \u2013 Qu\u1ed1c t\u1eed gi\u00e1m H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i (Nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef H\u00e1n tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f4i c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u1edf cu\u1ed1i b\u00e0i) Trong \u00edt h\u00f4m v\u1eeba qua, c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t huy\u00ean n\u00e1o h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. M\u1ed9t YouTube \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[385,551,364],"tags":[3298,3299],"class_list":["post-23377","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-lich-su","category-person","category-van-hoa","tag-chu-van-an","tag-tu-mai-tran-huy-bich"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t