{"id":52968,"date":"2022-09-22T16:45:13","date_gmt":"2022-09-22T14:45:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/viettudomunich.org\/?p=52968"},"modified":"2022-09-22T16:45:13","modified_gmt":"2022-09-22T14:45:13","slug":"du-ngon-bi-an-cua-vu-tru-so-25","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/viet-europe.org\/?p=52968","title":{"rendered":"D\u1ef1 ng\u00f4n b\u00ed \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 s\u1ed1 25"},"content":{"rendered":"

[et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”section” _builder_version=”3.0.47″][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.48″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Text” _builder_version=”3.6″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]<\/p>\n

V\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m r\u1ea5t ly k\u1ef3, b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m chu\u1ed9t nh\u01b0ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong v\u00e0i th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 sau \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.6″][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.6″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image align=”center” max_width=”75%” src=”https:\/\/viettudomunich.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/0545.jpg” _builder_version=”3.6″][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.6″][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.6″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”3.6″]<\/p>\n

Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m ly k\u1ef3 \u201cV\u0169 tr\u1ee5 s\u1ed1 25\u201d (\u1ea2nh ch\u1ee5p m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh)<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u0169 tr\u1ee5 s\u1ed1 25<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 chu\u1ed7i th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 chu\u1ed9t do Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 John Bumpass Calhoun b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960. N\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t trong s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u201cV\u0169 tr\u1ee5 s\u1ed1 25\u201d m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ghi l\u1ea1i trong b\u00e0i b\u00e1o n\u0103m 1973 \u201cDeath Squared: The Explosive Growth and Demise of a Mouse\u201d.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.6″][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.6″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image align=”center” max_width=”80%” src=”https:\/\/viettudomunich.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/0546.jpg” _builder_version=”3.6″][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.6″][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.6″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”3.6″]<\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 John Bumpass Calhoun (\u1ea2nh ch\u1ee5p m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh)<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9p kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i v\u00e0 r\u1ed9ng 2,57 m\u00e9t v\u00e0 cao 1,37 m\u00e9t trong trang tr\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng 3.840 con chu\u1ed9t. V\u1edbi t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9p l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m, 16 khu v\u1ef1c sinh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia \u0111\u1ec1u, m\u1ed7i khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00f2i u\u1ed1ng, m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ef1ng th\u1ee9c \u0103n, v\u00e0 16 ng\u0103n ngh\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. M\u1ed7i h\u1ed1c ngh\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a 15 con chu\u1ed9t tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i trong \u0111\u00f3, \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 t\u1ed1t, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u00f4 t\u1eadn, n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f4 t\u1eadn, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebb th\u00f9 thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ec7nh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m. \u0110i\u1ec1u duy nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 l\u0169 chu\u1ed9t c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m l\u00e0: \u201cT\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n nh\u1ea5t\u201d.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i chu\u1ed9t. V\u00ec v\u1eady, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a Calhoun l\u00e0 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a chu\u1ed9t.<\/p>\n

Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u201cV\u0169 tr\u1ee5 s\u1ed1 25\u201d k\u00e9o d\u00e0i 5 n\u0103m, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 1968 v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 1973. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh b\u1ed1n giai \u0111o\u1ea1n, A, B, C v\u00e0 D, \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 b\u1ed1n giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh, tr\u1ee5, ho\u1ea1i, di\u1ec7t m\u1ed7i v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1ea3i qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i t\u1edbi trong Ph\u1eadt gia.<\/p>\n

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Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n A: Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ph\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5u<\/strong><\/h3>\n

4 c\u1eb7p chu\u1ed9t 48 ng\u00e0y tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ebfn \u1edf. M\u1ed7i con \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 nhanh nh\u1eb9n. Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u1edbi, nh\u1eefng con chu\u1ed9t h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac nhanh ch\u00f3ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng, ch\u1ecdn hang \u1ed5 v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y th\u1ee9 104, th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 hai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch su\u00f4n s\u1ebb.<\/p>\n

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Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n B: Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/strong><\/h3>\n

K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 chu\u1ed9t b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5, c\u1ee9 sau 55 ng\u00e0y l\u1ea1i t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i. Trong hang \u1ed5 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u1ef1c \u01b0u t\u00fa c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 sinh cao, trong khi nh\u1eefng con kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 \u00edt ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng sinh. S\u1ef1 chia r\u1ebd x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

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Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n C: Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng<\/strong><\/h3>\n

V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y th\u1ee9 315, t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 chu\u1ed9t l\u00ean t\u1edbi 620 con. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 sinh s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, sau m\u1ed7i 145 ng\u00e0y m\u1edbi t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i n\u1ea3y sinh. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u1ef1c \u01b0u t\u00fa b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u suy gi\u1ea3m, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng con c\u00e1i \u0111ang cho con b\u00fa tr\u1edf n\u00ean hi\u1ebfu chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea5y vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a con \u0111\u1ef1c. B\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. Nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u1ef1c c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e0nh ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat lui sau khi li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp b\u1ecb nh\u1eefng v\u1ebft c\u1eafn. Nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u1ef1c th\u00edch d\u1ec5 ch\u1ecbu, \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ednh, v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng xa l\u00e1nh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 con c\u00e1i th\u1ee5 thai gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ee5 thai, ho\u1eb7c \u0111u\u1ed5i nh\u1eefng con chu\u1ed9t con m\u1edbi sinh ra ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang t\u1ef1 lo cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n. X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u1edf n\u00ean h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

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Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n D: Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ch\u1ebft ch\u00f3c<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Sau ng\u00e0y th\u1ee9 560, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chu\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 2200 con, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u00e2m. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 sinh v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t c\u1ee7a chu\u1ed9t s\u01a1 sinh gi\u1ea3m m\u1ea1nh. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y th\u1ee9 600, con chu\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra.<\/p>\n

Sau \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ef3 qu\u00e1i \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra. Nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u1ef1c r\u00fat lui kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1nh nhau hay \u0111u\u1ed5i theo nh\u1eefng con c\u00e1i n\u1eefa. Ngo\u00e0i chuy\u1ec7n \u0103n u\u1ed1ng, ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 b\u1ecb say s\u01b0a v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u duy nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ea3i chu\u1ed1t b\u1ed9 l\u00f4ng. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 hang \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 \u0111\u00f4ng nh\u01b0ng 20% \u200b\u200bhang v\u1eabn c\u00f2n tr\u1ed1ng. V\u00e0 nh\u1eefng con c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh s\u1ea3n, chui v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i \u1ed5 tr\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y v\u00e0 tr\u00fa \u1ea9n.<\/p>\n

K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, do kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 con chu\u1ed9t m\u1edbi n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra, n\u00ean V\u0169 tr\u1ee5 s\u1ed1 25 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ch\u1ebft d\u1ea7n ch\u1ebft m\u00f2n. Nh\u1eefng con chu\u1ed9t m\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n hung d\u1eef, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee9ng th\u00fa v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng, ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n, v\u00e0 d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian cho vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea3i chu\u1ed1t b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. Calhoun g\u1ecdi nh\u1eefng con chu\u1ed9t n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u201cnh\u1eefng con chu\u1ed9t xinh \u0111\u1eb9p\u201d.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m Calhoun vi\u1ebft b\u00e0i b\u00e1o n\u00e0y, v\u1eabn c\u00f2n h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m \u201ccon chu\u1ed9t xinh \u0111\u1eb9p\u201d nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u1edf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng. \u00d4ng d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng con chu\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng s\u1ebd ch\u1ebft v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 1973, ng\u00e0y th\u1ee9 1780 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m. V\u0169 tr\u1ee5 th\u1ee9 25 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.6″][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.6″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image align=”center” max_width=”80%” src=”https:\/\/viettudomunich.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/0547.jpg” _builder_version=”3.6″][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.6″][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.6″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”3.6″]<\/p>\n

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  • \u00d4ng d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng con chu\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng s\u1ebd ch\u1ebft v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 1973, ng\u00e0y th\u1ee9 1780 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m. V\u0169 tr\u1ee5 th\u1ee9 25 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t (\u1ea2nh ch\u1ee5p m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    V\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960, Calhoun \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0m th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 chu\u1ed9t n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. \u0110\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Halsey Marsden \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng th\u1eed l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i \u201ccon chu\u1ed9t xinh \u0111\u1eb9p\u201d v\u00e0 cho ch\u00fang v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc h\u1ed9p m\u1edbi tinh, v\u1edbi hy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 tin v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 m\u1edbi trong m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng \u201ccon chu\u1ed9t xinh \u0111\u1eb9p\u201d n\u00e0y v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c sinh s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 sau, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n.<\/p>\n

    \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng khi\u1ebfn Calhoun ph\u1ea3i suy ng\u1eabm. B\u1edfi v\u00ec \u00f4ng lu\u00f4n tin r\u1eb1ng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c do d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 qu\u00e1 \u0111\u00f4ng l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng con chu\u1ed9t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, l\u00fd do c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u201cch\u00fa chu\u1ed9t xinh \u0111\u1eb9p\u201d r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chu\u1ed9t t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u1ee7a V\u0169 tr\u1ee5 25 c\u00f2n l\u00e2u m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n l\u00e0 3.840. V\u1eady \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n khi\u1ebfn l\u0169 chu\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu h\u01b0\u1edfng h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c?<\/p>\n

    Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Calhoun cho r\u1eb1ng, ch\u00ednh v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u00e1 t\u1ed1t, n\u00ean nh\u1eefng con chu\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u, th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 c\u0169 chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 vai tr\u00f2 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu r\u00fat lui, c\u00f2n th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng khai chi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc b\u1ec1 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7t, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y, l\u00fd do ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng con chu\u1ed9t non kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y vai tr\u00f2 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. V\u00ec v\u1eady, th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c, v\u00e0 th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 hai ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 r\u1eddi b\u1ecf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

    Sau \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, k\u1ebft c\u1ee5c cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

    Ngay sau khi nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra, nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra nghi v\u1ea5n. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch r\u1eb1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn h\u01a1n chu\u1ed9t r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, l\u00e0m sao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn tu\u1ef3 ti\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady?<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    L\u1eddi ti\u00ean tri\u00a0c\u1ee7a Calhoun<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Tuy nhi\u00ean, 50 n\u0103m sau, nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a Calhoun, \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 l\u1eddi ti\u00ean tri k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

    C\u00f9ng kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian Calhoun b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea1o ra v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 chu\u1ed9t, v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 sinh s\u1ea3n tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111i\u1ec3m, trung b\u00ecnh m\u1ed7i ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u00f3 5 con. V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 sinh s\u1ea3n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3m, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd t\u0103ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, so v\u1edbi v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 chu\u1ed9t, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n C, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng.<\/p>\n

    [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.6″][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.6″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image align=”center” max_width=”82%” src=”https:\/\/viettudomunich.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/0548.jpg” _builder_version=”3.6″][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.6″][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.6″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”3.6″]<\/p>\n

    C\u00f9ng kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian Calhoun b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea1o ra v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 chu\u1ed9t, v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 sinh s\u1ea3n tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111i\u1ec3m, trung b\u00ecnh m\u1ed7i ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u00f3 5 con (\u1ea2nh ch\u1ee5p m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh)<\/em><\/p>\n

    Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, l\u0169 chu\u1ed9t b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh vi b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c. Trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960 v\u00e0 1970, gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb \u1edf c\u1ea3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec1u b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec5u \u0111\u1ed9ng, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u1edf n\u00ean hi\u1ebfu chi\u1ebfn. Kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00ec ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft r\u1ed3i. C\u00f2n trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh, n\u1eef quy\u1ec1n tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a hippie v\u00e0 punk ph\u1ea3n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

    Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980, m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 thanh ni\u00ean m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n hi\u1ebfu chi\u1ebfn n\u1eefa. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u201cch\u00fa chu\u1ed9t xinh \u0111\u1eb9p\u201d c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i suy tho\u00e1i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m. V\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990, sau khi n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf bong b\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n tan v\u1ee1, s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u201cnh\u1eefng thanh ni\u00ean nam trong nh\u00e0\u201d \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y n\u1ed5i l\u00ean.<\/p>\n

    C\u00e1c \u201cthanh ni\u00ean nam trong nh\u00e0\u201d kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n giao du, l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n, h\u1ecd \u201c\u1edf\u201d trong ph\u00f2ng ri\u00eang t\u1eeb s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1i, t\u1ef1 x\u00f3t th\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a d\u1eabm v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a cha m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng. Sau khi Internet b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00ean ng\u00f4i, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n lan r\u1ed9ng ra to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Trung Qu\u1ed1c g\u1ecdi nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh \u0103n b\u00e1m b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9\u201d, ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 g\u1ecdi h\u1ecd l\u00e0 \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5\u201d, n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh g\u1ecdi h\u1ecd l\u00e0 \u201cneet\u201d, v\u00e0 \u00dac g\u1ecdi h\u1ecd l\u00e0 \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi kangaroo\u201d…<\/p>\n

    V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 2018, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01b0 d\u00e2n ru r\u00fa \u1edf nh\u00e0 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00ean t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi. H\u01a1n 60% trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trung l\u00e3o tr\u00ean 40 tu\u1ed5i. C\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf trong nh\u00e0 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf nh\u01b0 v\u1eady trong 23 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ed1ng \u1edf nh\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 gi\u00e0, ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng sinh con. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 sinh b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3m nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 sinh c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2020 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb: M\u00e0u t\u00edm \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 sinh s\u1ea3n cao nh\u1ea5t, sau \u0111\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ea7n sang m\u00e0u xanh lam khi m\u1ee9c sinh gi\u1ea3m v\u00e0 m\u00e0u xanh lam \u0111\u1eadm th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u00f3 \u00edt h\u01a1n 1 con. B\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u00e0u xanh l\u00e1 c\u00e2y \u0111\u1eadm l\u00e0 \u00edt h\u01a1n 2 con, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c l\u00e0 2,1 con. Qua h\u00ecnh v\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, \u0111\u1ec1u n\u1eb1m trong ph\u1ea1m vi m\u00e0u xanh lam.<\/p>\n

    [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.6″][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.6″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image align=”center” max_width=”80%” src=”https:\/\/viettudomunich.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/0549.jpg” _builder_version=”3.6″][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.6″][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.6″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”3.6″]<\/p>\n

    <\/em><\/p>\n

    \u00a0Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 sinh c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2020 (\u1ea2nh ch\u1ee5p m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh)<\/em><\/p>\n

    Ngo\u00e0i ra, theo d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a CIA v\u1ec1 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 sinh c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2022, g\u1ea7n 60% trong s\u1ed1 227 qu\u1ed1c gia tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi s\u1ebd c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 sinh th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n th\u1ea5p l\u00e0 2,1; c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 sinh cao l\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ch\u00e2u Phi nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n

    \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 qu\u00e1 \u0111\u00f4ng, m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng thu h\u1eb9p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c. N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi n\u00f3, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 Calhoun d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nguy c\u01a1 tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng.<\/p>\n

    C\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0o x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0y. Ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng con chu\u1ed9t trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng, do \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 t\u1ed1t g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y?<\/p>\n

    \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi r\u00f5. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m, r\u1eb1ng, s\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t ch\u01b0a ch\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 mang l\u1ea1i h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a Calhoun \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u1ecf b\u00e9 v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t cho lo\u00e0i chu\u1ed9t l\u00e0 mang l\u1ea1i cho ch\u00fang ni\u1ec1m h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t. Ch\u00fang n\u00ean bi\u1ebft \u01a1n v\u00e0 vui v\u1ebb. Nh\u1eefng con chu\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

    V\u1eady ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, Calhoun kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0a ra gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e2y s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng trong Kinh Th\u00e1nh.<\/p>\n

    S\u00e1ch Kh\u1ea3i Huy\u1ec1n n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng c\u00e2y s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng m\u1ecdc \u1edf hai b\u00ean b\u1edd s\u00f4ng ch\u1ea3y v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng, n\u00f3\u00a0\u201csinh hoa k\u1ebft tr\u00e1i m\u01b0\u1eddi hai lo\u1ea1i, m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01a1m hoa k\u1ebft tr\u00e1i\u201d, \u201cl\u00e1 c\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh b\u1ec7nh cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia\u201d.<\/em>\u00a0Calhoun n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e2y s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2y s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd b\u00ecnh an tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

    Tuy n\u00f3i ra h\u01a1i m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 nh\u01b0ng \u00fd ngh\u0129a chung r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 khi x\u1ea3y ra kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng, ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng khoa h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3, Calhoun c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng Paul VI ti\u1ebfp ki\u1ebfn, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

    Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u00e2y s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Calhoun \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho \u0111\u1ee9c tin n\u00e0o, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c tin c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/h3>\n

    \u0110\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/strong><\/h3>\n

    Gi\u1eefa Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, \u1edf ch\u00e2n n\u00fai ph\u00eda nam c\u1ee7a d\u00e3y Himalaya, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Bhutan nh\u1ecf b\u00e9, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n to\u00e0n t\u00e2m to\u00e0n \u00fd theo \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia k\u00e9m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u201cqu\u1ed1c gia h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac nh\u1ea5t\u201d tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Khung c\u1ea3nh n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u01b0 tranh v\u1ebd, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng dinh th\u1ef1 hay khu nh\u00e0 \u1ed5 chu\u1ed9t; kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0103n xin v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f4 gia c\u01b0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n l\u00e0ng trong trang ph\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111i qua lu\u00f4n n\u1edf n\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean m\u00f4i. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecfi h\u1ecd t\u1ea1i sao h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd n\u00f3i:\u00a0\u201cT\u00f4i r\u1ea5t h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n

    [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.6″][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.6″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image align=”center” max_width=”80%” src=”https:\/\/viettudomunich.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/0548-2.jpg” _builder_version=”3.6″][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.6″][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.6″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”3.6″]<\/p>\n

    V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Bhutan nh\u1ecf b\u00e9, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n to\u00e0n t\u00e2m to\u00e0n \u00fd theo \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt (\u1ea2nh ch\u1ee5p m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh)<\/em><\/p>\n

    N\u0103m 1972, Wangchuck, v\u1ecb vua th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Bhutan, \u0111\u00e3 qu\u1ea3ng b\u00e1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ra to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u201cT\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb H\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac Qu\u1ed1c gia\u201d. \u00d4ng cho r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o GDP, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i coi tr\u1ecdng h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n, coi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb, nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 h\u00e0i h\u00f2a v\u1edbi thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean. C\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua 9 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac v\u00e0 b\u1ed1n tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb H\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac Qu\u1ed1c gia, bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t huy v\u0103n h\u00f3a, ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i t\u00e2m sinh l\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 mang m\u00e0u s\u1eafc Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng.<\/p>\n

    Trong 50 n\u0103m qua, T\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb H\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac Qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn. N\u0103m 2011, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Li\u00ean H\u1ee3p Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean noi theo t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Bhutan v\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n. \u0110\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc Bhutan nh\u1ecf b\u00e9 c\u0169ng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng kh\u1eafp to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Minh An<\/strong>
    Theo Epoch Times<\/em><\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    [et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”section” _builder_version=”3.0.47″][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.48″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Text” _builder_version=”3.6″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”] V\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m r\u1ea5t ly k\u1ef3, b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m chu\u1ed9t nh\u01b0ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":52969,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[375,321,598],"tags":[1846,1847],"class_list":["post-52968","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chuyen-ben-le","category-doi-song","category-khoa-hoc","tag-du-ngon","tag-du-ngon-so-25"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t