[et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”section” _builder_version=”3.0.47″][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.48″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Text” _builder_version=”3.6″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n L\u1ee5c<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u00a0M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u T\u1ed5ng Th\u1ed1ng Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m v\u00e0 \u00f4ng Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Nhu \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ea3m b\u1ea1i, \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn. Nh\u01b0ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00f4i khi th\u1eadt c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng. V\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00f9i th\u1eddi gian 50, c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y ch\u00e2n l\u00fd v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng khai v\u00e0 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.. \u0110\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc do c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e0ng sa l\u1ea7y, c\u00e0ng th\u1ed1i n\u00e1t th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5y n\u1ec1n \u0110\u1ec7 Nh\u1ea5t C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a mi\u1ec1n Nam l\u00e0 \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t, l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p, l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ed1ng. \u00cdt l\u1eafm \u1edf n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0nh cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00fa ng\u1ee5 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Ngay nh\u1eefng s\u1eed gia M\u1ef9 cho ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb th\u00f9 o\u00e1n TT. Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng khoan nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac c\u1ea7n ngh\u0129 l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda l\u1ed1i nh\u00ecn m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Ng\u00e0y nay, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u1ea3i th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 b\u00f9 nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 b\u00e8 l\u0169 M\u1ef9-Di\u1ec7m. Ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00e0ng hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o c\u00f2n c\u00f3 ch\u00fat l\u00f2ng, c\u00f2n ch\u00fat suy ngh\u0129 so s\u00e1nh th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e1m c\u00f4ng khai ch\u00ea tr\u00e1ch.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n V\u00e0 m\u1ecdi c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 VNCH – nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ec7 Nh\u1ea5t C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a-, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m. v\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 sau ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Di\u1ec7m- kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Di\u1ec7m.<\/em>\u00a0Ng\u00e0y nay nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ea5y, \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ee7 b\u00f3ng l\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng xung \u0111\u1ed9t tranh c\u00e3i, khen ch\u00ea c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eedng \u00e2m m\u01b0u th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tan r\u00e3 c\u1ee7a mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n C\u00e1i ch\u1ebft \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed m\u00e0 nh\u01b0 b\u00f3ng ma theo \u0111u\u1ed5i b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00f4ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u00e1m \u1ea3nh kh\u00f4ng r\u1eddi. \u00d4ng Di\u1ec7m c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng m\u00e3i..ngay \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb th\u00f9 gh\u00e9t \u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00eda. Cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n N\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 tan v\u1ee1 v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0o ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ed1c gia- V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu n\u00f3i cho c\u00f9ng th\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, mi\u1ec1n Nam th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng ai thay th\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nhi\u1ec1u ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb gia \u0111\u1ee7 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp \u1edf vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ecf ra b\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m. Ph\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 d\u00f9 c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng khi xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea3ng nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, t\u1ef1 do-d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp-t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 th\u00ec cho th\u1ea5y h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabm \u0111\u1ea1p l\u00ean ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi n\u01a1i c\u00e1c x\u1ee9 \u0111ang m\u1edf mang..<\/p>\n Ai cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd c\u00e1i quy\u1ec1n thay th\u1ebf, ngay c\u1ea3 \u00e2m m\u01b0u \u00e1m h\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p m\u1ecdi nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u1ee9ng x\u1eed, b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c?<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0y nay, ph\u1ea3i nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t xu h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed nh\u01b0 gi\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u.\u00a0M\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u1ea1i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng ng\u1ed9 nh\u1eadn, xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c, b\u00f4i nh\u1ecd l\u1ecbch s\u1eed-con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n T\u1ea7m v\u00f3c l\u1ecbch s\u1eed- con ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m- th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n \u0110\u1ec7 Nh\u1ea5t C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u00e1ng ng\u1eddi v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u oan nghi\u1ec7t!! <\/strong>Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, “l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5” H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00f4i v\u1ebd th\u00ec c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y nh\u1eefng v\u1ebft b\u00f4i v\u1ebd c\u00e0ng l\u1edf lo\u00e9t, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ed9 b\u1ed9 m\u1eb7t th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Theo R. Nixon:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>\n “Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng H\u1ed3, Di\u1ec7m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh. V\u00e0 m\u1ecdi so s\u00e1nh hai nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt n\u00e0y l\u00e0 th\u1eeba v\u00e0 l\u1ed1 b\u1ecbch. Quan t\u00e2m h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m l\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n m\u1ea1nh, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng chia n\u0103m x\u1ebb b\u1ea9y l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu qu\u1ed1c gia. Cho n\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb B\u00ecnh Xuy\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n, m\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf. \u00d4ng Di\u1ec7m \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh hai c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t l\u00fac: V\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 v\u1eeba ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi mong d\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n”.<\/em><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Ti\u1ebfng t\u0103m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1edd v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00fd m\u1ebfn b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1ch c\u1ea3 Vi\u1ec7t l\u1eabn M\u1ef9 \u1edf Saig\u00f2n.(\u2026)<\/p>\n <\/p>\n C\u00e1i l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Keendy l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd th\u1ecfa \u01b0\u1edbc Trung L\u1eadp L\u00e0o, m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp.. \u00d4ng Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ecf b\u1ea7y s\u1ef1 tuy\u1ec7t v\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9.. T\u1eeb nay, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00f2n H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t xa l\u1ed9 cho s\u1ef1 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh ng\u1ed3i v\u00e0o c\u00e1i gh\u1ebf t\u00e0i x\u1ebf trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam.(..)<\/p>\n “Di\u1ec7m quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3n b\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9. N\u00f3i chung, \u00f4ng t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu nghe theo nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y t\u1eeb ph\u00eda ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p”.[<\/em>1]<\/p>\n <\/p>\n C\u00e1i sai l\u1ea7m th\u1ee9 ba c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Kennedy \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam, n\u0103m 1963 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng gia t\u0103ng v\u1edbi TT. Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch v\u00e0 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m. C\u00e1i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e1ng x\u1ea5u h\u1ed5 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ebft TT. Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m v\u00e0 m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 bu\u1ed9c ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i g\u1eedi qu\u00e2n l\u00ednh tham gia v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh..<\/p>\n Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh mi\u1ec1n Nam nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1 t\u1ea3ng gi\u1eef cho t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 kh\u1ecfi s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5.. M\u1ecdi xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ph\u1ea3i quy t\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i v\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ee3p s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m \u1ea5y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m \u1ea5y v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n V\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1ec9 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng sau c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, khi m\u00e0 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5.[2]<\/p>\n <\/p>\n H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u00d4ng Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m b\u1ecb c\u00e1c k\u00fd gi\u1ea3 T\u00e2y Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1edf m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn b\u00e1o ch\u00ed g\u00e1n cho \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 “\u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i gia \u0111\u00ecnh tr\u1ecb, \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o” th\u00ec nay h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh m\u1ed9t l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, t\u00e0i ba v\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh- kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean- \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi- \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i n\u00e0o c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t c\u01b0 ng\u1ee5…<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 gi\u1eefa hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 gi\u1eefa hai mi\u1ec1n nay so s\u00e1nh th\u00ec m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang ch\u00ecm d\u1ea7n v\u00e0o d\u0129 v\u00e3ng m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb l\u1eeba.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e1o, ta s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 do TT. Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m c\u00f3 l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p b\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi gi\u00e1 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 cho s\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p.<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n C\u00e1i ch\u1ebft t\u1ee7i nh\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a TT. Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m sau khi ch\u1ebft \u0111ang -tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh, m\u1ed9t l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Qu\u1ed1c Gia.\u00a0<\/p>\n M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u v\u1eady n\u01a1i t\u1ea5m m\u1ed9 bia c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1edf L\u00e1i Thi\u00eau c\u00f2n b\u1ecb che d\u1ea5u t\u00ean th\u1eadt. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ean Th\u00e1nh Goan Baoxitita-Huynh. Huynh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 anh.. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00e1i m\u1ed9 \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 l\u1ea7n l\u1eadp t\u1ea5m bia m\u1ed9 \u00f4ng v\u1edbi t\u00ean Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m. Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 e ng\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ra l\u1ec7nh g\u1ee1 b\u1ecf t\u1ea5m bia \u0111\u00f3.\u00a0<\/p>\n R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i s\u1ee3 ngay c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft- ngay c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m bia m\u1ed9- gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh \u1edf Ngh\u0129a trang qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u1edf bi\u00ean H\u00f2a tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n T\u1ea7m v\u00f3c l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y nay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i<\/strong> v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 vi\u1ebft s\u1eed tr\u1ebb thu\u1ed9c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 hai nh\u01b0 Catton, Jessica Chapman v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Edward Miller \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea5t l\u00ean m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i kh\u00e1c-.<\/p>\n Ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a l\u00f2ng trung th\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb l\u1ea5n \u00e1p b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb phe ph\u00e1i. Trong s\u1ed1 \u1ea5y c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i k\u1ec3 th\u00eam hai nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc tr\u1ebb ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n Th\u1ecb Li\u00ean v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Li\u00ean H\u1eb1ng.<\/p>\n H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 bao v\u00e2y r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c hay \u01b0u t\u01b0 \u00e1m \u1ea3nh v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c b\u00eanh hay ch\u1ed1ng \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc tr\u1ebb v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc l\u1edbp \u0111\u00e0n anh nh\u01b0 Bernard Fall, Jean Larteguy, John Prados, Neil Sheehan hay nh\u1eefng Haberstam, Frank Snepp. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u1edbn nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a c\u00f2n non tr\u1ebb d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu th\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u00f3 d\u1ed9 d\u00e0i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ea3 v\u00e0i tr\u0103m n\u0103m. Mang v\u00e0i tr\u0103m n\u0103m ra nh\u01b0 th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t s\u1edbm m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edbng phong ki\u1ebfn, thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0n n\u0103m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi v\u00f4 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi \u0110\u1ec7 Nh\u1ea5t C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed1i c\u00e3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/strong> nh\u01b0: \u1ed4n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0- d\u1eb9p B\u00ecnh Xuy\u00ean- \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i- Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i h\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh- c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn tr\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ecfn v\u1eb9n v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i ch\u00edn n\u0103m.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version="3.6"][et_pb_column type="4_4" _builder_version="3.6" parallax="off" parallax_method="on"][et_pb_image align="center" max_width="80%" src="https:\/\/viet-europe.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/168.jpg" _builder_version="3.6"][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version="3.6"][et_pb_column type="4_4" _builder_version="3.6" parallax="off" parallax_method="on"][et_pb_text _builder_version="3.6"]<\/p>\n Ch\u00e2n dung TT. Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y t\u1eebng b\u1ecb b\u00f4i nh\u1ecd b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc- nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1960 tr\u1edf \u0111i d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 TT Kennedy…<\/em><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Tu\u1ea7n tr\u0103ng m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a TT. Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m ch\u1ec9 th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 an b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh cho \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ebft nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a th\u1eddi t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Eisenhower. TT. M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m- m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p hi\u1ebfm hoi- nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 ra t\u1eadn m\u00e1y bay \u0111\u00f3n ch\u00e0o \u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hai \u0111i di\u1ec5u h\u00e0nh tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc xe mui tr\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ch\u00fang \u0111\u00f3n ch\u00e0o tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1 Broadway \u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 N\u1eefu \u01af\u1edbc n\u0103m 1957. \u00cdt v\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ch n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp long tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Nh\u01b0ng t\u1eeb khi TT Kennedy l\u00ean l\u00e0m t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng th\u00ec t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y m\u1ed7i x\u1ea5u \u0111i m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc tr\u1ebb Edward Miller, xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00ean s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7y m\u1ec9a mai c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0: Missaliance- Ngo Dinh Diem, The United State and the fate of South Viet Nam. (Cu\u1ed9c h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n x\u1ee9ng, Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m and the fate of South Viet Nam)<\/p>\n Cu\u1ed9c h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9ng \u1ea5y m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1ee1- nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 chi\u1ebfn tranh l\u1ea1nh gi\u1eefa \u0111\u00f4i b\u00ean- d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh TT Kennedy l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i thay th\u1ebf Di\u1ec7m. Diem must go..<\/p>\n <\/p>\n “T\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng \u1ea5y? L\u00e0 b\u1edfi v\u00ec TT. Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i h\u1eb3n hoi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o mi\u1ec1n Nam n\u00e0o t\u1eeb th\u1eddi B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c”.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Theo ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00e0y t\u1ecf trong c\u00e1c b\u00e0i di\u1ec5n v\u0103n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0, nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng-. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec h\u1ebft- Tout ou rien- Ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 c\u00f3, ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3..<\/p>\n V\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0 m\u1ea5t ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n. \u00d4ng l\u1ea5y t\u1ec9 d\u1ee5, n\u1ebfu c\u1ee9 nghe ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 th\u00ec cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 con b\u00e0i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta sai b\u1ea3o. Ch\u00ednh Ed Lansdale trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh do Stanley Karnow th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fa nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng 10 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0a ra cho \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m th\u00ec may ra m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00f4ng nghe theo.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 sau n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i t\u1ecfa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n nh\u01b0: \u00d4ng Di\u1ec7m l\u00e0 con b\u00e0i c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, M\u1ef9-Di\u1ec7m hay tr\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u x\u1ea5u: Spellman-Vatican- Di\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t tr\u00ean ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00fang m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n, ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 sai, v\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u1ea5y \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 theo \u0111u\u1ed5i su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi l\u00e0m ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u00e0 sau n\u00e0y x\u00e9t c\u00f4ng hay t\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i c\u0103n c\u1ee9 tr\u00ean vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Tr\u1ea7n Th\u1ecb Li\u00ean trong lu\u1eadn \u00e1n ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 s\u1eed c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p l\u1eabn B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 gi\u1edbi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o nh\u01b0 gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c L\u00ea H\u1eefu T\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec1u cho th\u1ea5y \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m v\u00e0 Nhu l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn hai ch\u1eef Th\u1ecfa Hi\u1ec7p.<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u00d4ng Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Nhu t\u1eebng vi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 sau v\u1ec1 l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a anh em \u00f4ng: \u00a0<\/p>\n V\u00e0 theo \u00f4ng Nhu: nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ebf c\u1ee9u v\u00e3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0.[3]<\/p>\n \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u00f4ng Nhu l\u00e0 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p, b\u1edfi v\u00ec theo \u00f4ng ta t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 hai b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn: v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u1ea3i lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb kh\u1ecfi \u00e1ch \u0111\u00f4 h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 tranh \u0111\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n.(\u2026)th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p. Ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng v\u1eady c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed9i \u00e1c l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn..(..)<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u00d4ng Nhu<\/strong> vi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfp : Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a qu\u1ed1c gia tranh \u0111\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t c\u00f2n l\u00e0 v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i sau khi g\u1eb7p Bollaert \u1edf H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng c\u0169ng ghi l\u1ea1i th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m nh\u01b0 sau :<\/p>\n Di\u1ec7m l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Di\u1ec7m, nh\u1eefng nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 khi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ed1c gia b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u00e1t nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p Ph\u00e1p. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u00f4ng ta, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb sai l\u1ec7ch. Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n L\u00fd c\u0169ng chia x\u1ebb quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m. C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c phong tr\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ea1i \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 quy ch\u1ebf t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb Domino.(Quy ch\u1ebf t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb trong Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p Anh- NVL).<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ecd, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p duy nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ed1c gia Vi\u1ec7t Nam.[4]<\/p>\n L\u1ea7n ch\u00f3t trong m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp \u1edf H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng v\u1edbi B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean \u00e1n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u1ec1 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i khi \u00f4ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7t b\u00fat k\u00fd v\u00e0o Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh \u00c9lys\u00e9e. \u00d4ng Di\u1ec7m coi \u0111\u00e2y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p. Sau \u0111\u00f3, k\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 hai b\u00ean \u0111o\u1ea1n giao.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n V\u00e0 B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i t\u1ecf ra th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng vi\u1ebft:<\/p>\n “V\u1edbi Di\u1ec7m, ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i”.[5]<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n L\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m c\u0169ng bu\u1ed9c l\u00f2ng gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c L\u00ea H\u1eefu T\u1eeb g\u1eedi m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1i vi\u00ean th\u00e2n c\u1eadn l\u00e0 lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 L\u00ea Quang Lu\u1eadt nh\u1eb1m thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 b\u1ecb \u00f4ng Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m ph\u1ee7i tay. L\u00ea Quang Lu\u1eadt cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p hay l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111em l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 g\u00ec v\u00ec th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m:<\/p>\n Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat hy v\u1ecdng g\u00ec \u00f4ng ta ra kh\u1ecfi th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1edd th\u1eddi (attentisme) v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta. \u00d4ng Di\u1ec7m t\u1ecf ra m\u1ed9t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 gh\u00e9t cay gh\u00e9t \u0111\u1eafng B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i v\u00ec l\u00fd do B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 c\u00e1 t\u00ednh m\u1ec1m y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng. Gi\u1ea3 d\u1ee5 n\u1ebfu Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn l\u00ean c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n, \u00f4ng ta s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n t\u1edbi c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n V\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3.<\/p>\n \u00a0“Di\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n tham gia ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n v\u00ec nh\u1eefng x\u00e1c t\u00edn ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta”.[6]<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n C\u0169ng theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i n\u00e0y m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ba l\u1ea7n \u00f4ng t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i l\u1eddi m\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i ra l\u00e0m th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng. L\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00fac \u00f4ng l\u00e0m th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0 tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 xin t\u1eeb ch\u1ee9c, ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3 B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e1ch ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o\u1ea1t m\u1ecdi ph\u1ea9m h\u00e0m v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1933, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i cho ph\u1ee5c ch\u1ee9c. Khi b\u1ecb c\u00e1ch ch\u1ee9c, \u00f4ng m\u1ea5t danh v\u1ecb nh\u1ecb ph\u1ea9m tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ed5ng 400\/th\u00e1ng. Vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng Phan Kh\u00f4i cho r\u1eb1ng:<\/p>\n “Trong v\u00f2ng 50 n\u0103m tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb s\u0129 phu b\u00e0o c\u00f3 kh\u00ed ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 danh d\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m. Danh \u00f4ng n\u1ed5i nh\u01b0 c\u1ed3n v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c t\u1eeb ch\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p”.<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0Phan Kh\u00f4i vi\u1ebft:<\/p>\n S\u0129 phu li\u00eam s\u1ec9 chi \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e1ng, ch\u00ednh c\u00e2u \u00f4ng Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 li\u00eam s\u1ec9 l\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecf; hu\u1ed1ng chi c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1m ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ea5t li\u00eam s\u1ec9, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n mong g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0?<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Nh\u1edd \u00f4ng Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m v\u1edbt l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u \u00edt, nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 c\u00e1ch ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 khai ph\u1ee5c \u00f4ng Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m v\u1edbt l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u \u00edt, h\u1ecda may c\u00e1i l\u00f2ng li\u00eam s\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a s\u0129 phu Vi\u1ec7t Nam ngoi d\u1ea1y ch\u0103ng?[7]<\/p>\n <\/p>\n C\u1ee5 Phan Kh\u00f4i m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh t\u1edbi c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00ednh li\u00eam s\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1eeb ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng v\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn c\u1ee7a \u00d4ng n\u00ean \u00d4ng c\u0169ng b\u1ecb c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n l\u00ean \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an ninh cho \u00f4ng-. \u00d4ng bu\u1ed9c l\u00f2ng ph\u1ea3i d\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ecdn b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u01b0u vong v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 8-1950 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1edbi anh l\u00e0 Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Th\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n Tho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ea7u \u00f4ng gh\u00e9 H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng r\u1ed3i sang Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y \u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp g\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 C\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ec3- \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 x\u01b0ng h\u00f4 l\u00e0 b\u1ec7 h\u1ea1-.Nh\u01b0ng l\u00e1 b\u00e0i C\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n h\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng khi Nh\u1eadt thua tr\u1eadn v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng minh.<\/p>\n \u00d4ng c\u0169ng t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch xin g\u0103p v\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u1eebng danh c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 l\u00e0 Douglas MacArthur. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3…<\/p>\n <\/p>\n M\u1ed9t c\u00e1i may m\u1eafn l\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9, l\u00e0m t\u00ecnh b\u00e1o cho CIA, \u00f4ng n\u00e0y s\u00e3n s\u00e0ng gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 \u00f4ng Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u1ea1n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00f4ng Wesley R. Fishel. (gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Khoa H\u1ecdc Ch\u00ednh Tr\u1ecb, Michigan State University, 31, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean gia \u0111\u1ea7y t\u00e0i n\u0103ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u1edf \u00c1 Ch\u00e2u). \u00d4ng n\u00e0y nh\u1eadn ra \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t s\u1eafc b\u00e9n v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, c\u00f3 ni\u1ec1m tin m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t ch\u1ed1ng C\u1ed9ng. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0a \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m v\u00e0o l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u01a1 quan c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Th\u1eadt ra, sang M\u1ef9, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn th\u1eddi gian \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m ph\u1ea3i n\u1eb1m ch\u1edd th\u1eddi t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t tu vi\u1ec7n \u1edf N\u1eefu \u01af\u1edbc. Linh m\u1ee5c Ph\u00f3 vi\u1ec7n tru\u1edfng c\u1ee7a tu vi\u1ec7n t\u00ean l\u00e0 Daniel Lyons, d\u00f2ng t\u00ean, sau n\u00e0y c\u00f3 vi\u1ebft l\u1ea1i trong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng: Viet Nam Crisis nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n \u00d4ng Di\u1ec7m \u1edf l\u1ea7u hai v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y ng\u00e0y \u00f4ng h\u1ecdc th\u00eam ti\u1ebfng Anh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc l\u1ecbch s\u1eed M\u1ef9 Qu\u1ed1c. V\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c quy\u1ec1n n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi ch\u1ee9c M\u1ef9 ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3n. H\u1ecd t\u1ecf ra l\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea1t v\u1edbi \u00f4ng.[8]<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Sau n\u00e0y do Fisel gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u \u00f4ng quen bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt trong ch\u00ednh gi\u1edbi M\u1ef9 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c h\u1ed3ng y Cushing v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Spellman v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 nh\u01b0 Mike Mansfield, John F. Kennedy, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u00f4ng t\u00f2a William,O Douglas v\u00e0 linh m\u1ee5c Raymond J. de Jeagher… (\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 quen bi\u1ebft linh m\u1ee5c n\u00e0y t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1947).<\/p>\n K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i li\u00ean l\u1ea1c n\u00e0y c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u v\u00e0 \u00f4ng t\u1ecf ra tuy\u1ec7t v\u1ecdng. M\u00f9a xu\u00e2n 1953 \u00f4ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ecf n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ebfn \u1edf m\u1ed9t tu vi\u1ec7n d\u00f2ng Benedictin, St Andre \u1edf B\u1ec9..<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Trong b\u1eefa \u0103n t\u1eeb gi\u00e3 n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 do \u00f4ng t\u00f2a William O. Douglas kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3i \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 8-5-1953, \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp g\u1eb7p nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb kh\u00e1ch m\u1eddi quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ngh\u1ecb S\u0129 Mike Mansfield v\u00e0 John F. Kennedy. Trong b\u1eefa \u0103n n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i v\u1eabn \u0111i t\u00ecm m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u1ea3o v\u1ecdng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ebf Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p Ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n \u00cdt ra th\u00ec \u00f4ng c\u0169ng g\u1eedi \u0111i \u0111u\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u cho ch\u00ednh gi\u1edbi M\u1ef9 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng l\u00e1 b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i t\u1ecf ra kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p th\u1eddi n\u1eefa v\u00e0 ng\u1ee5 \u00fd r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng ai kh\u00e1c, ngo\u00e0i \u00f4ng ra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0i to\u00e1n gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p cho nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam.\u00a0<\/p>\n Vi\u1ec7c r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi M\u1ef9 l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u cho th\u1ea5y \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i ra cho b\u00e0i to\u00e1n VN ra kh\u1ecfi qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh gi\u1edbi M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n “\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Di\u1ec7m l\u00e0 kh\u1edfi t\u1eeb Paris ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i Hoa Th\u1ea1nh \u0110\u1ed1n”.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n V\u1ec1 Paris, \u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eb7p TT Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i trong H\u1ed3i K\u00fd c\u1ee7a TT Ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 sau:\u00a0<\/p>\n “N\u1ed7i lo l\u1eafng ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Vi\u1ec7t Nam ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng hai quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c (dualit\u00e9) ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m”.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n \u00a0Vincent Auriol ghi nh\u1eadn th\u00eam:\u00a0<\/p>\n “M\u1ed9t l\u00e1 b\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn : Di\u1ec7m m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi Qu\u1ed1c Gia thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i ch\u00fang ta m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch k\u1ecbch li\u1ec7t. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n. Nh\u01b0ng trung th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 li\u00eam khi\u1ebft. R\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1 k\u1ef5 v\u1edbi th\u1ed1i n\u00e1t l\u00fac nh\u00fac chung quanh B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn l\u1edbn lao”.[9]<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y nh\u1ea5t, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft linh m\u1ee5c b\u1ec1 tr\u00ean d\u00f2ng Benedictin, t\u1ea1i B\u1ec9, Vi\u1ec7n ph\u1ee5 Ren\u00e9 Forbe, b\u1ec1 tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0110an Vi\u1ec7n. Sau 60 n\u0103m gi\u1eef k\u00edn l\u00e1 th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m xin \u0111i tu trong b\u1eadc tr\u1ee3 s\u0129. Trong d\u1ecbp c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 l\u00e1 th\u01b0 n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e2n thu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m nh\u01b0 b\u00e0 Charlotte Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Luy\u1ec7n, b\u00e0 Marie Claude Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Luy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u00e0 E1lizabeth Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Thu H\u1ed3ng- em g\u00e1i c\u1ed1 h\u1ed3ng y Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Thu\u1eadn-. C\u0169ng theo v\u1ecb b\u1ec1 tr\u00ean \u0110an Vi\u1ec7n, \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00fa ng\u1ee5 \u1edf \u0110an Vi\u1ec7n 6 th\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eddi tu vi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n L\u00e1 th\u01b0 xin \u0111i tu c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng qu\u00fd gi\u00e1, v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf sinh m\u1ec7nh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m, \u0111\u00e1nh tan c\u00e1i d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn \u00e1c \u00fd, th\u1ed5i ph\u1ed3ng g\u00e1n gh\u00e9p \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u00e1 b\u00e0i c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 qua c\u00e1i tr\u1ee5c Spellman- Vatican- Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i, l\u00e1 th\u01b0 xin \u0111i tu c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t soi s\u00e1ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed sau 60 n\u0103m. N\u00f3 cho ta th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3: N\u1eafng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean. S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 cho s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt.<\/p>\n Trong Viet Nam, a History, Karnow c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng tin \u0111\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 M\u1ef9 nh\u01b0 Robert Scheer trong How the United States got involved in Viet Nam v\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Vi\u1ec7t (tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p V\u0169 Ng\u1ef1 Chi\u00eau)l\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng chung quanh huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i Spellman n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Sau n\u00e0y s\u1eed gia Edward Miller c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1edbi Stanley Karnow cho r\u1eb1ng : Nh\u1eefng quan ni\u1ec7m cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 gi\u1ecfi l\u1eafm c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i.[10]<\/p>\n <\/p>\n V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong cu\u1ed9c nh\u01b0 B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i, ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m l\u00e0m th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tham kh\u1ea3o \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ch\u00ednh gi\u1edbi \u1edf Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m l\u00e0m th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng..<\/p>\n C\u00f9ng l\u1eafm m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ch\u00ednh gi\u1edbi M\u1ef9ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 tham kh\u1ea3o nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c \u00f4ng Bedell Smith v\u00e0 Bonsai. V\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 khi \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ecdn \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m r\u1ed3i, \u00f4ng B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i m\u1edbi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi Ngo\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1edfng Foster Dulles \u0111\u1ec3 cho bi\u1ebft quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 tham kh\u1ea3o ph\u00eda M\u1ef9 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c n\u00e0o t\u1eeb ph\u00eda ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 trong quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ecdn \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m l\u00e0m th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Ph\u1ea7n Arthur J.Dommen \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh h\u1eb3n m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y nhan \u0111\u1ec1 : The choice of Diem trong \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i c\u00f3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n 4 ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ebfn Paris, B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 tri\u1ec7u Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m t\u1eeb tu vi\u1ec7n St Andrew Bruges \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1eb7p \u00f4ng ta. M\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng mu\u1ed1n giao tr\u1ecdng tr\u00e1ch cho Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p. Trong \u0111\u00f3 d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp n\u00f3i ra, \u00f4ng B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i c\u0169ng mu\u1ed1n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ecnh \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9.[11]<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Trong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Edward Miller n\u00eau \u1edf tr\u00ean, \u00f4ng c\u00f2n kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng : <\/p>\n Edward n\u00f3i th\u00eam:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n “V\u00e0 ngay s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp trong vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam VN c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 do k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 do nh\u1eefng v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang \u00f4ng m\u00e0 th\u00f4i”.[12]<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n V\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee9 ba v\u1eeba ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p, v\u1eeba ch\u1ed1ng Vi\u1ec7t Minh nay l\u00e0 th\u1eddi c\u01a1 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u00d4ng Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh? C\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng k\u00e9o theo m\u1ed9t th\u1ea3m tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a mi\u1ec1n Nam cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec mu\u1ed1n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c gia, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n g\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e9p m\u00e0 ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa..<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n L\u1ee5c<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n \u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n [2] No more Viet Nam. Ibid trang 63-65<\/em><\/p>\n [3] Tr\u1ea7n Th\u1ecb Li\u00ean, Les Catholiques Vietnamiens pendant la guerre d\u2019ind\u00e9pendance ( 1945-1954) entre la reconqu\u00eate coloniale et la r\u00e9sistance communsite [5] Bao Dai, Ibid, trang 198<\/em><\/p>\n [6] ASAT 10 11 1039, Hanoi, le 24-3-1950, Fiche sur entretien avec Mr Le Quang Luat le 23-3-1950, peu apr\u00e8s son retour \u00e0 S\u00e0i G\u00f2n<\/em><\/p>\n [7] Vi\u1ec7t-studies, M\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e2m thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a s\u0129 phu. C\u00e1ch ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 khai ph\u1ee5c \u00f4ng Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m, L\u1ea1i<\/em><\/p>\n [9] Vincent Auriol, Journal du Septennat ( 1947-1954). <\/em>Tr\u00edch l\u1ea1i Tran Thi Lien, Ibid, trang 521<\/em><\/p>\n [10] Vision, Power and Agency : The ascent of Ngo Dinh Diem 1945-1954 Eddward Miller, journal of southeast Asian Studies, trg 433-458, tr\u00edch l\u1ea1i trong cu\u1ed9c C\u00e1ch M\u1ea1ng Nh\u00e2n V\u1ecb<\/em><\/p>\n [11] The Indochinese Experience, Arthur J. Dommen, trang 237<\/em><\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u201cN\u1ebfu b\u1ecdn Vi\u1ec7t C\u1ed9ng th\u1eafng, th\u00ec qu\u1ed1c-gia Vi\u1ec7t-Nam c\u0169ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ti\u00eau-di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u1ec9nh nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a Trung-hoa C\u1ed9ng-s\u1ea3n. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa to\u00e0n-d\u00e2n s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i s\u1ed1ng m\u00e3i m\u00e3i d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u1ecdn vong b\u1ea3n v\u00f4 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, v\u00f4 t\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, v\u00f4 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o.<\/em><\/strong>“\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m<\/strong><\/p>\n (\u0110\u1ed3ng Cam, Tuy-H\u00f2a 17-9-1955)<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version="3.6"][et_pb_column type="1_2" _builder_version="3.6" parallax="off" parallax_method="on"][et_pb_image src="https:\/\/viet-europe.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/170.jpg" _builder_version="3.6"][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type="1_2" _builder_version="3.6" parallax="off" parallax_method="on"][et_pb_image src="https:\/\/viet-europe.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/169.jpg" _builder_version="3.6"][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" [et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”section” _builder_version=”3.0.47″][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.48″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Text” _builder_version=”3.6″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”] \u201eH\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u00d4ng Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m b\u1ecb c\u00e1c k\u00fd gi\u1ea3 T\u00e2y Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1edf m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn b\u00e1o ch\u00ed g\u00e1n cho \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 “\u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i gia \u0111\u00ecnh tr\u1ecb, \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o” th\u00ec nay h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":74265,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27,78,551],"tags":[394,2008],"class_list":["post-74253","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-binh-luan","category-chinh-tri","category-person","tag-ngo-dinh-diem","tag-nguyen-van-luc"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t
\u0110i\u1ec1u \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i..<\/p>\n
Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec ba nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee9 ba (3e force). Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng c\u1ea3 Ph\u00e1p l\u1eabn th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho l\u00e0 \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ec9nh, c\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5p, ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c cho \u00f4ng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1i m\u1ec1m d\u1ebbo ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb gia, ho\u1eb7c \u00f4ng l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u00e2y th\u01a1, thi\u1ebfu b\u00e9n nh\u1eady ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n
Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u vi\u1ebft bi\u1ebfm h\u1ecda v\u1ec1 \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m ch\u1ec9 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh sai l\u1ea7m v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u00fat ra t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u sai l\u1ea1c..Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ea1i, Di\u1ec7m ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 b\u00f9 nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, Diem \u0111\u00e3 n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n h\u00e0nh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1954 ch\u1ec9 do nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng anh em c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng do m\u1ed9t v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c n\u00e0o t\u1eeb ph\u00eda M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n
<\/strong>[1] No more Viet Nam, Richard Nixon 57-62<\/em><\/p>\n
[4] Bao \u0110ai, Le Dragon D\u2019Annam, 1980, trang 190-200<\/em><\/p>\n
[8] Viet Nam Crisis, Stephen Pan, Daniel Lyons, S.J. trang 82-83<\/em><\/p>\n